118 MISCELLANEOUS NOTICES. 



nor of a country. The Governor General of India is styled 

 Chow Mooung Bengala ; Khun is love and gratitude, and a Chief 

 in conversation is styled, " Chow Khun." Than is just, so Chow 

 Than is a title generally given to a chief. Pya } when added to 

 the name of a country or town, signifies Governor, thus the Go- 

 vernor of Penang is styled Pya Ko Mak, or the King of Kedah 

 Pya Mooung Serai. The Siamese name of Kedah, Mooung Serai, 

 is taken from Kedah Peak, which they call " Khas Serai," and 

 the Malays " Gunong Jerai" or " Cherai." " Chow Pya" may be 

 translated into Governor General, but it is a title also annexed 

 to high offices near the sovereign, and particularly to chiefs 

 nearly related to the Royal Family ; thus the u Kalahom" or 

 commander in chief, and the " Chakri," or Prime Minister are 

 called " Chow Pya." The former superintends the affairs of all 

 Provinces to the South of Bangkok, and the latter, of all to the 

 North of that city; and to their affairs respectively the most 

 minute reports are transmitted from every Province, from Sin- 

 gora to Cheung Mai or Zemce. The present Minister for 

 Foreign Affairs is a Pya, " Pya Klang," and being related to the 

 Royal Family is often styled " Chow Pya." He is said to be 

 very friendly to the English : Prak, when annexed to a form or 

 country, may be translated into Lieutenant Governor ; " Luang" 

 or " Chrom" to a Resident, and " Mom" or " Khom" to an 

 officer in charge ; much lower in rank " P} r a," " Prak," &c, are 

 also conferred as honorary titles on other public officers, and 

 when annexed to a man's name appear to correspond to Baronets, 

 Knights &c. The late Mr. Light is said to have been made a 

 " Prak" by the King of Siam. 



" Puiiahua," Loubere translates into " Hua" (the head) of 

 u Phan" (Thousands) ; but lam told the title is derived from 

 " Phoh," father, " No" on, " Hua" head, meaning " I bear you. 

 as my father on my head" denoting the highese respect according 

 to the custom of oriental nations. The Siamese generally affix 

 the wood " Phoh," father, to the names of their chiefs. The 

 three sons of the Chow Pya of Ligor styled " Phoh Kloom," 

 "Phoh-Pho" and " Phoh-Sing," the last of which resembled so 

 nearly the Malayan wood " Poosing'' deceitful, that the father 

 on establishing that son at Kedah directed him to be always 

 called by the Malayan title " Baginda Muda," or young Prince. 

 The Siamese name for Singapore is " Ko-mai" new Island." 



