ETHNOLOGICAL EXCURSIONS IN THE MALAY PENINSULA. 219 



and has been replaced by Malay, in which, all their school 

 books and religions works are written. The Missionaries 

 have done nothing to collect the remains of the old language. 



The Mantras whom I saw (most of them children and wo- 

 men) were almost without exception of a Malay type : if I 

 had come to see them withont knowing that they were 

 Mantras I should probably have taken them for a number 

 of Malays, badly fed, and brought up in a miserable condi- 

 tion, and I should have doubted the possibility of any mix- 

 ture of Melanesian blood. The Index of breadth of the 

 heads which I measured (15 in number) (25) was from 74 

 to 89. 



The Orang Mantra spoke to me about a tribe living a few 

 days' journey from Malacca whom they called Bersisi, and 

 who, according to their description, belong to the mixed 

 tribes. When I spoke of the Orang Sakai, whom I describ- 

 ed as men with a dark skin, curly hair, and a hole in the par- 

 tition of the nose, some of the older Mantras recollected the 

 name " Kenahoy" which they had heard from their fathers 

 with a similar description. 



.In conclusion I will add a few words upon the synonymous 

 names of the tribes in the interior now in use among 

 the Malays. 



The name Orang Utan is often applied quite generally 

 to people who live in the woods, be bey Orang Sakai, or 

 Malays, or Chinese. Those who are specially known by this 

 name however are the mixed tribes of Johor, Rumbau. and 

 Malacca. 



The names Orang didalam (26), Orang bvkit (27J, Orang 

 gunong (28), Orang hulu (29), Orang laut (30) are employed 

 in a similar sense, and do not refer to special tribes. By the 

 name of Orang-benua are specially meant the Orang Utan 

 in the South of Johor, on the rivers Johor and Batu Pahat. 

 I very often heard people speak about the Raja Benua who 



j.) 



These were boys and young people, from about 9 to 20 years of age 

 2(5. People of the interior. 

 '11. People of the hills. 



28. People of the mountains. 



29. People who live at the source of a river. 



30. People who live by the sea. 



