DIPTERA. 133 
possible moment, and in case of delay a prompt syringing out of the 
nasal passages with dilute carbolic acid, L part acid to 200 parts water, 
should be resorted to to dislodge or kill the worms. 
For the general abatement of the pest, attention to the destruction of 
garbage, carcasses, or filth of any kind is to be commended, while pre- 
vention of bruises, cuts, barbed-wire scratches, and especially the 
punctures of ticks, are among the most important measures. Weed 
and Francis agree that ticks furnish the greatest number of cases, and 
the former advocates the feeding of salt and sulphur as a preventive 
of ticks on this account. Francis, however, considers the sulphur treat- 
ment of no avail, but depends upon killing ticks with dipping, a proc- 
ess which must serve to kill ticks, lice, serew-worms, and all external 
parasites at once. (See section on dipping methods. ) 
As a direct application for the sores infested with worms, a wash of 
carbolie acid is advised. The acid should be diluted with thirty times 
its bulk of water, and its value would, I suspect, be enhanced if a little 
glycerin were added. A final dressing of pine tar or in deep sores a 
packing with oakum and coating with tar are recommended. 
Dr. Francis writes me that since the publication of his Bulletin on 
serew-worms they have found a very practical method of applying sub- 
stances to destroy the larve. Itis to use creoline, or any of the car- 
bolic sheep dips, in a machinist’s oiler, by which means one can deliver 
a few drops in the holes without waste. ‘They use an ordinary conical 
zine oil can of about 4 ounces capacity, and find it very satisfactory. 
SUMMARY. 
In brief, if may be said that the serew-worm fly, which is distinguished 
by blue body, red front to head, and three black lines on the thorax, is 
distributed through all of tropical and much of temperate America; 
that it deposits eggs (not living young) in refuse matter, carcasses of 
animals, flesh wounds, or even minute drops of exuded blood, and the 
exposed openings of the body; that the eggs hatch within a very 
few hours at most, and larvee grow to maturity rapidly, consuming 
all tissues adjacent to them, and in cases of attack upon the limbs 
often laying bare the bones; that pupation lasts about ten or twelve 
days and is passed underground; that adults are found through nearly 
all the summer months, but for the southern United States more par- 
ticularly from July to October; that for prevention and remedy reliance 
must be placed upon the prevention, as far as possible, of all wounds 
and filth on animals, and when infested, prompt treatment with washes 
of dilute carbolic acid and subsequent coating with pine tar. 
THE TSETSE FLY. 
(Glossina morsitans Westw.) 
This famous fly of the central plains of Africa can hardly be omitted 
from a work of this character, especially since there is a possibility of 
