a aaa eT OS eas —— SS aS a __anrma 
278 INSECTS AFFECTING DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 
kills quickly when taken into the alimentary canal or penetrating the 
tissues of the insect. It is, however, too dangerous a poison to be used 
except with the greatest care, and the possibility of the animal treated 
licking itself or eating food upon which the solution has dripped to 
such an extent as to get a poisonous dose is too great to give it strong 
indorsement. It has its greatest value in this connection in treatment 
of sheep scab, which often resists more simple remedies. 
Carbolic acid, one of the most effective of agents against parasites 
and especially in certain combinations, 1s to be highly recommended. 
In many cases the crude article can be used to as great advantage as 
the refined and at great saving in cost. Used externally without other 
combination than with water, it should have a dilution of about 100 
times its bulk of water. If used too concentrated or upon very sus- 
ceptible animals such as dogs, it may be absorbed and cause poisoning. 
_ Dr. Francis recommends it very highly in combination for cattle ticks, 
and the Poultry World gives it the highest praise as a combination 
with slaked lime, to be used in buildings for chicken lice. 
Calomel is used in some cases, but is for the most part superseded by 
more satisfactory remedies. 
Benzine may be used in the form of a spray or wash against bed-bugs 
and fleas, and in chicken houses against ticks, though for this purpose 
it has no advantage over kerosene emulsion. 
Gasoline may be used in the same way and for the same purpose as 
benzine. Both must, of course, be used with due regard to their 
inflammable properties. 
Cotton-seed oil is strongly recommended by Dr. Francis for treatment 
of ticks in the Southern States, especially in connection with dipping 
solutions. Its action is similar to that of other oils, and while it kills 
some of the ticks, there are others on the same animal which apparently 
are not injured by it. In the States where cotton is produced and the 
oil can be secured at low cost it has special advantages, either alone or 
combined with other remedies as an application for various external 
parasites. 
Kerosene has a wide range of usefulness in the treatment of parasites 
notwithstanding the fact that it does not seem to have fulfilled the 
requirements for a good dipping solution. It may be used free for the 
spraying of the interior of chicken houses, for the destruction of bed- 
bugs, and for filming the surface of small ponds, water tanks, ete., in 
order to destroy mosquitoes or their larve and abate the mosquito 
nuisance. In emulsion it is very effective against lice on cattle, killing 
both adults and eggs, for use as a spray to kill horn-flies, and as a wash 
to kill eggs of bot-flies or lice. 
Emulsions may be made with either soap or milk and according to the 
following well-known formule: 
Milk emulsion.—To one part milk add two parts of kerosene, and churn by a force 
pump or other agitator. The creamy emulsion which results is to be diluted with 
water, using eight or ten times the bulk of water. 
