284 INSECTS AFFECTING DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 
In selecting a location for a vat I would advise a point to which water is con- 
venient. This may be furnished by a wind pump, pond, or stream. I would avoid 
waters containing minerals or alkali. I know of no objection to salt water. 
Excavate a trench 7 feet deep, 4 feet wide in bottom, and 24 feet long, in which to 
build the vat. 
In doing this considerable of the work can be done by plowing and scraping the 
dirt out at one end and dumping it so as to form a mound on which to build the 
dripping platform. 
The trench must be completed by hand labor by throwing the dirt out in about 
equal quantities on each side. 
Lay in bottom of trench 2 pieces of 4 by 4 inches by 24 feet long 34 inches apart; 
lay them parallel and level. On these nail cross pieces 2 by 4 by 43, 18 inches from 
centers beginning at square end of trench. This will require 17 pieces 2 by 4 by 48. 
Cut 34 pieces 2 by 4 by 10 for uprights. Nail lower ends of uprights into sills and 
cross pieces, and slant upper ends outward, making upper ends 8 feet apart. 
Having done this continue the 4 by 4 inch bottom sills 16 feet up the incline and 
make the outer ends 6} feet apart so that the uprights to be attached will come in 
line with those already in place. 
Fic. 170,—Diagram of sheep pens, showing location of dipping vat below. 
Put cross pieces on sills as in bottom. Each cross piece will be longer as you go 
up, and uprights will be shorter. 
Fill and tamp around the sills and cross pieces thoroughly. For floor and siding 
we use 2 by 4 by 16 pine, dressed and matched, laid in white zine paint, both secret 
and face nailed with sixteenpenny wire nails. 
Mr. R. J. Kleburg, who built the first vat I know of, used 2 by 12 cypress floor 
and siding, and calked joints with oakum. 
Extend the siding 8 feet high to prevent waste of dip from splashing. Box up 
square end of vat 6 feet, cleat the incline with 2 by 4 pieces 18 inches apart for cat- 
GATE AREA RAS Pi 
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