28 INVESTIGATIONS OF RUSTS. 



E. and K. is still producing aecidiospores on Callirrhoe invol/ucrata out- 

 doors here at Manhattan at the time of this writing (October 15, 1893), 

 and Mr. E. Bartholomew, of Rooks County, Kans., tells me that he has 

 seen in December aecidiospores on specimens of this host growing close 

 by a large snowdrift. In the spring secidiospores of this species begin 

 forming about the first day of April." On December 20, 1893, after 

 the above was transmitted for publication, the rust was found still alive 

 although it had been under 4 inches of snow. In a water-drop cul- 

 ture of some of the material four spores germinated in twenty-four 

 hours. Since that time, at later dates in the winter the living rust has 

 been found, but close within the rootstock, with a faint color still, 

 but producing no spores. The peculiar manner of growth of the rust, 

 permeating the entire host and producing scattering sori all along 

 the stems to their bases, as well as on the leaves, and the difficulty of 

 germinating the spores harmonize also with the idea of a propagation 

 by perennial mycelium. Besides the above instance other cultures of 

 the spores were made as follows: At Manhattan, Kans., May 20, 1893, 

 spores from Callirrhoe alcdeoides, only a few germinations in forty- 

 eight hours; at Manhattan, June 9, 1893, spores from C. involucrata 

 germinated sparingly in twenty-five hours; at Manhattan, January 30, 

 1894, spores from C. invohicrata growing in greenhouse, fair germi- 

 nation in sixty hours. 



In the winter of 1896-97 infected plants of C. involucrata were 

 obtained from Kansas and grown in a greenhouse at Washington, 

 D. C, and on March IT, 1897, inoculations of seedlings of the follow- 

 ing grasses with spores from these plants failed to produce infections: 

 Agropyron occidentals, A. richardsoni, Sitanion elymoides, Ely m us 

 canadensis, and Bouteloua racemosa. 



Rust of Peucedanum Fceniculaceum. 



An iEcidium occurs on this host in Kansas and Nebraska which has 

 been reported as JE. anisotomes Reich., but the identity of which is 

 not yet determined a satisfactorily to the writer. At certain places a 

 Puccinia follows the iEcidium so closely that their connection is very 

 probable. Both forms are particularly abundant at Manhattan, Kans. 

 On April 25, 1893, at that place, it was determined by the study of 

 many cross sections of the host plant that the mycelium of the iEcid- 

 ium extends into the rootstock. It is one of the earliest rusts in the 

 spring to appear in that locality. These facts make it probable that 

 this rust is also perennial. On the other hand, it is possible that the 

 teleutospores of the Puccinia may produce a very early infection at 

 the base of the young shoots, resulting in the iEeidium, although in 

 some localities no Puccinia has 3 r et been found following the iEcidium. 



«The species is probably Puccinia jonesiiPk. , with the secidial stage present, 



