Abstract 



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Klement, K.D., R.K. Heitschmidt, and C.E. Kay. 2001. 

 Eighty Years of Vegetation and Landscape Changes in the 

 Northern Great Plains: A Photographic Record. U.S. Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Conser- 

 vation Research Report No. 45. 



This publication is a photographic record of vegetation and 

 landscape changes that have occurred at selected sites in 

 the Northern Great Plains over the past 80 to 90 years. 

 Based on photographic and written records, the authors 

 found few changes had taken place other than ( 1 ) a general 

 increase in the density and cover of woody plant species, 

 particularly Ponderosa pine; (2) those resulting from direct 

 human intervention, such as tillage, haying, and road con- 

 struction; and (3) a general increase in nonindigenous spe- 

 cies, particularly yellow sweet clover and created wheat- 

 grass, as they escape from roadside restoration projects and 

 agronomic plantings. Otherwise, the changes are subtle. 

 Audiences for the publication include researchers, natural- 

 ists, land managers, policy makers, and the general public. 



forbs, grasses, landscape, Northern Great Plains, plant 

 species composition, shrubs, trees. 



While supplies last, single copies of this publication may be 

 obtained at no cost from USDA, Agricultural Research Ser- 

 vice, Fort Keogh Livestock & Range Research Laboratory, 

 RR 1, Box 2021, Miles City, MT 59301. 



Copies of this publication may be purchased from the Na- 

 tional Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, 

 Springfield, VA 22161; telephone (703) 605-6000. 



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