28 THE CONTROL OF APPLE BITTER-ROT. 
Bordeaux mixture for application to the very young fruit. The mix- 
ture used in spraying stone fruits (8 pounds of bluestone and 9 pounds 
of lime to 50 gallons of water) is suggested. 
Coating of Bordeaux mixture.—The fruit from Plot 3, which 
received its last application on July 25, was practically free from Bor- 
deaux mixture at picking time, September 19 to 23, the coating having 
weathered away. (PI. III, fig. 1.) 
The fruit from Plot 4, which received its last application on August 
7, showed considerable Bordeaux mixture at picking time, but not 
sufficient to attract special notice. 
The fruit from Plots 5 and 6, and, in fact, from all of the plots 
sprayed after August 7, was thoroughly coated with Bordeaux mix- 
ture at picking time. (See Pl. TV, fg. i; El V, fig. 2, and Elev 
fig. 2.) 
The presence of Bordeaux mixture on the fruit when packed is cer- 
tainly objectionable, but it was found that in picking, grading, and bar- 
reling the apples most of it was rubbed off. -The crop from the sprayed 
trees, both in the experimental block and in Mr. Goodwin’s main 
orchard, was sold at the highest price paid for Yellow Newtown apples 
in that section the past season, and the purchaser raised no objection 
to the coating of Bordeaux mixture and did not require the fruit to be 
wiped. 
COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS. 
The Bureau of Plant Industry furnished a number of its corre- 
spondents with suggestions for the treatment of bitter-rot, and during 
the past season the writer visited a few of the orchards that were 
sprayed in accordance with these suggestions, as well as others that 
had not been properly treated. In every case where Bordeaux mix- 
ture was applied at the proper time good results were secured. Even 
poor spraying had a decidedly beneficial effect. Owing to the steep- 
ness of the land or to some other obstacle, there were always some 
trees left untreated or but partially sprayed, thus affording ample 
checks with which to compare the treated trees. In most cases the 
results were very striking, showing almost a perfect crop on the 
sprayed trees and a loss of 75 to 100 per cent of the crop on the 
unsprayed trees. More striking still is the fact that where only 
one side of a tree was sprayed the crop on that side matured in 
perfect condition, while the crop on the opposite side was destroyed 
by bitter-rot. The writer observed this in a number of instances 
where a fence or a steep hillside admitted of the treatment of only one 
side of the trees. 
RESULTS IN SEVERAL ORCHARDS. 
Aside from the trees used in the experiment, Mr. W. H. Goodwin, 
of Avon, Va., sprayed the larger portion of his orchard under the 
