BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF SPRAYING. 25 
Plot 15 was sprayed on July 10, July 25, August 7, and August 22, 
and yielded 90.8 per cent of sound fruit. 
Plot 16 received the same number of treatments as Plot 15, but the 
spraying was begun and ended two weeks earlier, the first application 
being made on June 27 and the last August 7. Asa result 93.3 per 
cent of sound fruit was obtained. (PI. VI, fig. 2.) 
Plot 17 also received four applications at intervals of two weeks, 
but the treatment was begun two weeks earlier than in Plot 16, the 
spraying dates being June 12, June 27, July 10, and July 25. The 
yield of sound fruit was 88.8 per cent. 
Check E, one untreated tree, yielded one-fourth bushel of sound fruit 
and 164 bushels of rotten fruit, the percentage of sound fruit being 1.5. 
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF SPRAYING. 
In analyzing the results as shown in Table II it is not difficult to 
conclude that in Plots 1 and 2 spraying was stopped too early, that in 
Plot 12 spraying was begun too late, and that in Plots 7 and 8 the 
interval between the early and late applications was too long. From 
Plots 3 to 6, as compared with Plots 1, 2, 7, 8, and 12, and the checks, 
it is also plainly evident that bitter-rot can be completely controlled 
by coating the fruit with Bordeaux mixture before infection takes 
place and keeping it thoroughly coated throughout the season. More- 
over, Plots 10, 11, 15, 16, and 17 seem to indicate that, so far as bitter- 
rot is concerned, spraying before the trees bloom and within a month 
after the blooming period is not absolutely necessary. It is clearly 
seen by comparison, however, that the three early applications (April 
8, May 1, and May 9) had a decidedly beneficial effect in all the plots 
that received them. Compare Plot 1, which received only these three 
applications and yielded 37.9 per cent of sound fruit, with the unsprayed 
trees, A to E, which yielded practically no sound fruit. Plot 12, 
which received four late applications (July 25, August 7, August 22, 
and September 4), gave only 53.5 per cent of sound fruit, while Plot 
7, which had the same treatment and in addition the three early appli- 
cations, gave 80.1 per cent of sound fruit. The three early applica- 
tions thoroughly coated the branches and leaves, as well as the very 
young fruit, and it is probable that protection from infection was pro- 
longed by the action of the rains in washing the copper from the leaves 
to the fruits. Of the several plots receiving only four applications 
each, No. 16, which received its first application on June 27, gave the 
best results, yielding 93.3 per cent of sound fruit. However, Plot 
17, which had its first application two weeks earlier and yielded 88.8 
per cent of sound fruit, would perhaps have shown up as well as No. 
16 but for the fact that the upper side of one of the trees could not be 
properly reached with the spray. It appears, therefore, from this 
