64 DECIDUOUS FRUIT IXSE€TS AXD IXSECTICIDES. 



ough spray application with arsenate of lead and Bordeaux mixture 

 before the blossom-buds of the grape expand (fig. 16). and once or 

 twice during the period when the rose-chafers are most numerous, 

 they can not only prevent serious injury to the crop by this pest, but 

 also control the depredations of several other chewing insects. 



CLEAXIXG UP BKEEDIXG PLACES. 



In addition to spraying as a means of control for this pest, much 

 good can be done by breaking up pastures and rough sod lands adja- 

 cent to vineyards in infested areas. An illustration of this method 

 of control was observed during the past season. In the early sum- 

 mer of 1909 a field of 30 acres of pasture land on the farm of Mr. 

 R. McBroon, at North East, Pa., which is located in the rose-chafer- 

 infested area along the lake shore, was broken up and planted to 

 vineyard. Large numbers of larva? and pupae were found in the 

 sod at the time of plowing. During the summer of 1909. after the 

 vines were planted, the soil was subject to clean culture. During* 

 the summer of 1910 numerous examinations of the soil were made in 

 this vineyard in search of larvae and pupae, but none was found. 

 Yet in the sod lands adjacent to this vineyard the beetles and larvae 

 were as numerous as hi previous years. Unfortunately, it frequently 

 happens that rough land and pastures adjacent to vineyards are not 

 controlled by the owners of infested vineyards. When such condi- 

 tions exist it is necessary to resort to direct methods of control, and 

 observations covering several seasons indicate that thorough spray 

 applications with arsenate of lead will prove an effective means of 

 controlling the rose-chafer in infested vineyards. 



SUMMARY. 



On account of the limited areas of infestation in any particular 

 vinevard section the rose-chafer has not received the consideration it 

 deserves as a destructive vineyard pest. In the aggregate its injuries 

 to the grape crop in the grape-producing areas of the United States 

 are very large, and it is hoped that the experimental work now in 

 progress will lead to the adoption of more effective means of con- 

 trol. Since it has become the practice to spray grapevines for the 

 grape-berry moth {Polychrosis viteana). and also for fungous dis- 

 eases at the same time that the adult rose-chafers attack the blossom- 

 buds, every effort should be made by vineyardists to combat this pest 

 at the same time. The experiments conducted by this bureau during 

 the past season indicate that a very thorough application of arsenate 

 of lead when the beetles appear, just before the blossoms open, will 

 reduce its destructiveness to the extent that a profitable crop of fruit 

 can be secured even in vineyard areas where this insect pest abounds 

 in destructive numbers. 



