22 



above, fumigated 240 orange trees in one night, and that the average 

 for each night was over 200 trees, the latter being 8 feet or less in 

 height. 



Trees over 12 feet tall will require a derrick of some kind for the pur- 

 pose of putting on the tent and removing it again. For this purpose a 

 stout mast is erected in the center of a strong framework mounted 

 upon the running gears of a common farm wagon, the height of the 

 mast depending upon the height of the trees to be operated uxjod. This 

 mast is braced in four directions, and to the upper end of it is firmly 

 attached a cross-piece, extending transversely to the length of the 

 wagon, and long enough to reach from one row of trees to another. To 

 each end of this cross-piece are attached small pulleys, through which 

 pass ropes which are attached to the tents ; by pulling down on these 

 ropes the tents are drawn up to the cross piece after which the wagon 

 is drawn ahead until the tents are directly over two of the trees to be 

 treated ; the ropes are then let out and the tents lowered down over 

 the trees. The ropes are usually attached to the lower edge of the 

 tents as well as to their apices, and when the tent is to be taken off of 

 the tree the ropes attached to the bottom of it are first pulled down- 

 ward, thus drawing the lower part of the tent up to the cross-piece 

 first, and in a measure turning the tent inside out. But for this device 

 it would be necessary to have the cross-piece at least twice the height 

 of the trees to be operated upon. This apparatus is drawn between 

 two rows of trees and the trees on each side of it treated with the gas. 

 It is customary for the men themselves to draw the fumigatorfrom tree 

 to tree, thus doing away with the use of horses for this purpose. Stout 

 planks are frequently used for the wheels of the fumigator to run upon. 

 A fumigator of this kind, without the accompanying wagons and tents, 

 can be built for about $15, it being the cheapest and simplest apparatus 

 ever used for this purpose. It has not as yet been patented, and is 

 more largely used at the present time than any other kind, operating 

 the tents successfully even upon the largest orange trees. The first 

 fumigator of this kind was built by Mr. O. H. Leefeld, a prominent 

 orange-grower of Orange, and a man who has had considerable experi- 

 ence as a machinist. 



Within the past few weeks a new kind of a fumigator has been 

 brought out by Mr. W. H. Souther, of Covina, Los Angeles County, 

 Cal. This, like the preceding one, is mounted upon a common farm 

 wagon, and operates two tents, one on either side of it. At each end 

 of this fumigator are four upright posts attached at their lower ends to 

 the framework, which is mounted on the wagon ; the outermost posts 

 are shorter than the inner ones, and to the upper end of each is attached 

 a long spar by a hinged joint, which allows the spar to be moved baclt 

 and forth transversely to the length of the wagon. The two spars on 

 one side of the fumigator are connected with each other near their upper 

 ends by means of a wooden cross-piece, and are drawn back and forth 



