Grading up Beef Cattle at Sni-a-Bar Farms 13 
typical representatives of larger numbers in the farm pastures. 
Already thousands of visitors are on the grounds, studying the ani- 
mals and the signs explaining the breeding of each group. 
Pen 1.—We approach the first pen. Here are the bulls in service— 
eight of them, all registered Shorthorns in vigorous breeding condi- 
tion. “In selecting these bulls,” the attendant tells us, “ emphasis 
was laid on thickness of flesh, smoothness, and constitutional vigor. 
They are believed to be the type of bull that will further improve 
the future descendants of the original cows.” 
“ These bulls do not appear to be in show condition,” you remark. 
“ That’s right!” the attendant replies, “they are just in good 
breeding condition, as farmers desire. They have run with the cows 
all summer, as would be the case on a practical farm, which we 
intend this to be.” 
Wy 
“ ii 
ITT SEZ 
ayaa 
Fic. 5.—One of the original cows, typical of the foundation herd used at Sni-a-Bar 
Farms 
As we observe the farm buildings the sincerity of the last remark 
becomes evident. ‘Though neat and well painted, the buildings are of 
ordinary design and construction. There is not an imposing barn 
on the farm, most of the structures being cattle sheds; yet the well- 
planned arrangement, cleanliness, and atmosphere of prosperity con- 
vey the impression that the farm is above the average in buildings 
and equipment. 
Pen 2—Moving along to the second pen we find 10 red cows. 
These animals, we learn, are typical of the 200 original cows. They 
are 6 to 12 years old and are the type of foundation stock with 
which the demonstration started. The cows are by no means culls 
or inferior types. Though they are angular, we note a surprising 
amount of thick flesh and quality. They are cows such as any care- 
