THE GRAPE-BERRY MOTH. 67 



tions have occurred simultaneously, and as a result, failure has been 

 complete. For this reason the spray method of control is looked upon 

 with disfavor by many who have carried on the work under these 

 conditions. 



In vineyards where infestation is at all serious vineyardists are 

 urged to give the spray method a thorough trial for a period of several 

 consecutive seasons. If the infestation is confined to a limited area, 

 as is frequently the case, the owner can well afford to make additional 

 applications over this area to prevent it from increasing and spreading 

 farther into the vineyard and possibly, at some future time, causing 

 the loss of a large percentage of the crop over the entire area. 



A lack of knowledge of the extent of the infestation of his vineyard 

 by this pest during the early stages of the first brood is perhaps one of 

 the chief causes for lack of successful control by the owner. It is 

 hoped that with the aid of the data contained in this paper under 

 " Seasonal history " the vineyardist will be better able to determine the 

 periods when the maximum number of larvas leave the eggs to enter 

 the berries, and with the additional aid of more efficient high-pressure 

 power-sprajdng machinery now available for this work it is believed 

 that the poison-spray method of control will prove to be the most 

 effective and practical means of controlling this pest. 



Combination spray mixtures, whereby other insect pests of the 

 grapevine can be controlled by the same applications made against 

 the grape-berry moth, have been suggested under the head of recom- 

 mendations for control and are wortlry of trial in the endeavor to 

 reduce the cost of controlling several of the pests that infest the fruit 

 and foliage of the grape in the vineyards throughout the Lake Erie 

 Valley. This phase of control work will receive some attention in 

 connection with further studies to be made of grape pests, by the 

 Bureau of Entomology, in fchis region. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



1860. Clemens, Dr. B.— Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 359. 



Description of adult, habits of larva. Polychrosis viteana. 

 1869. Walsh, B. D., and Riley, C. V.— Grape-berry moth. <Amer. Ent., vol. ], 

 p. 148, March. 



Answer to inquiry of M. C. Read; means against Penthina vitivorana^ 



1869. Walsh, B. D., and Riley, 0. V. — The grape-berry moth (Penthina vitivorana 

 Packard). <Amer. Ent., vol. 1, pp. 177-179, figs. 123-125, May. 

 Natural history, ravages, and means against P. vitivorana; figures larva, pupa, cocoon, imagos, and 

 injured grapes. 



1869. Walsh, B. D., and Riley, C. V. — The grape-berry moth. <Amer. Ent., 

 vol. 2, p. 28, September-October. 

 Answer to inquiry of H. C. Barnard; ravages of Penthina vitivorana. 



1869. Riley, C. V. — The grape-fruit worm (Penthina vitivorana Pack). <First Ann. 

 Rept. Ins. Mo. (1868), pp. 133-136, figs 29, 30, 76, pi. 2. 

 Reports from correspondents in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Missouri; personal observations of its occur- 

 rence in Missouri; also account of various stages. 



