100 DECIDUOUS FRUIT IXSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 



had been laid some time during the interval between 5 p. m. on 

 June 23 and 8 a. m. on June 24. The female was dead on June 25 

 (8 a. m.). The female lived for about four days and the male only 

 about two days. Eggs were deposited in two and one-half days. 



On July 1 (8 a. m.) a male moth and a female moth just emerged 

 were placed in a jar with an apple twig. Food was furnished the 

 pair of moths by supplying them with a piece of absorbent cotton 

 which had been saturated in a weak solution of sirup. The cage 

 was examined the next day at 9 o'clock and both moths were quite 

 restless. On July 3 at 8 a. m. an egg mass was found on the twig 

 and both moths were still active. The male had died by 9 a. m. on 

 July 4 and the female by 8 a. m. on July 5. Copulation was not 

 observed. In this case the male lived about three days and the 

 female about four days. The eggs were laid inside of two days after 

 emergence of the moths. 



On July 16 two moths were observed mating and at noon were put 

 in breeding jar. The cage was again examined on July 17 and the 

 moths had ceased copulating and were crawling over the sides of the 

 jar. On July 18 at 4 p. m. the cage was again looked over and an 

 egg mass was found deposited on the twig. The life of- the moths 

 could not be determined, as the time of emergence was not known. 

 A period of about two days is shown between the time of copulation 

 and the time of deposition of the egg mass. 



There are not sufficient data bearing on the length of life of the 

 adults to justify any generalization. The writer believes there is 

 a wide variation in the longevity of the moths and that the females 

 usually outlive the males. It is also reasonable to expect the moths 

 to live for a longer period under natural conditions than is the case 

 when they are kept in confinement. It is also likely that the females 

 do not oviposit out of doors as readily as when confined in rearing 

 jars with the males. 



Observations under insectary conditions go to prove that the 

 female if left unmolested during oviposition deposits all her eggs 

 in a single mass. All egg masses deposited hi rearing cages consisted 

 of more than 100 eggs, the greatest number from one female being 

 140. In the orchard it is not difficult to find rather small egg masses. 

 The smallest one observed was composed of 25 eggs. In making 

 field observations the writer noticed that the female when oviposit- 

 ing would cease the operation very readily if disturbed in any way 

 and fly or crawl away. Ovipositing females were observed changing 

 position when insects such as ants, ground beetles, and ladybird 

 larvse or adults came too near them. One species of Coccinellida^ 

 that is especially predaceous on the green aphis of the apple was 

 noticed several times disturbing females in the act of oviposition, 

 compelling them to crawl or fly to another place to deposit the 



