CODLING MOTH IN SANTA CLAEA VALLEY. 177 



This year, 1911, all of the varieties yielded a larger percentage of 

 clean fruit, the Vicars averaging 1.97 per cent wormy, the Doyenne du 

 Cornice 2.65 per cent, the Bartletts 0.70 per cent, the Buerre Ciargeau 

 0.76 per cent, the Winter Nelis 0.24 per cent, and the Easter Buerre 

 0.237 per cent. 



Probably one of the reasons the later varieties were as free from 

 worms in 1911 as the early varieties was that the third application for 

 second-brood larvae was better timed and was more thorough. 



THE NORTHERN APPLE ORCHARD. 



Season of 1911. — Through the courtesy of Mr. E. Northern the 

 writers were able to examine weekly 5 sprayed and 5 unsprayed 

 apple trees of the Newtown Pippin variety for wormy fruit. All of 

 Mr. Northern's orchard of 11 acres was sprayed by him with a hand 

 outfit at fair pressure except 5 trees unsprayed left for a check. 

 While it is hardly fair to compare the work of a hand outfit with that 

 of a power outfit, Mr. Northern obtained excellent results, although 

 with a much higher percentage of wormy fruit than Mr. Heed obtained 

 on his pear orchard. 



The spraying was done on May 9, June 9, and July 26. The whole 

 orchard was in full bloom by April 18, and by May 1 nearly all the 

 trees had dropped their petals. In all the spraying 2 pounds of arse- 

 nate of lead were used to 50 gallons of water and with no fungicide. 



Table LXI shows the details of the results obtained on the " North- 

 ern orchard." 



