U. S. D. A., B. E. Bui. 80, Part I. D. F. 1. 1., June 26, 1909. 



PAPERS ON DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 



THE CODLING MOTH IN THE OZARKS. 



By E. L. Jenne, 



Engaged in Deciduous Fruit Insect Investigations. 



In 1907 the Bureau of Entomology undertook some experimental 

 and demonstration spraying for the control of the codling moth at 

 Siloam Springs, Benton County, Arkansas. The work being largely 

 investigation of remedies, only a few notes relating to the life history 

 of the insect were secured. The following season a fuller line of 

 rearing work was conducted at the same place, and the present 

 account of the codling moth in that locality applies mainly to the 

 season of 1908. Data for 1907 are introduced for comparison, where 

 it is possible. 



In 1908 the rearing work was conducted out of doors. Moths 

 were confined in Riley rearing cages; larvae were reared in fruit 

 inclosed in paper bags on the trees, or in picked fruit in muslin- 

 covered battery jars; and the pupal periods were observed in small 

 vials. 



SEASONAL HISTORY. 



SPRING BROOD OF PUP^. a 



Duration of the brood. — The earliest pupae did not come under 

 observation, but judging from the first emergence of moths and the 

 length of the earliest observed spring pupal stages, pupation began 

 in late February or early March. 



a The term "brood" is used in speaking of any single stage of the insect, and "gen- 

 eration" to include all the stages of the life cycle. 



The pupse and moths produced by the transformation of the wintering larvae are 

 sometimes termed "first-brood pupa?" and "first-brood moths." Here, however, 

 the first generation is regarded as beginning with the first eggs of the season, and 

 ending with the moths that develop therefrom. Where three generations of the 

 insect occur, the adult stages are spoken of as moths of spring brood, moths of first 

 brood, and moths of second brood. The adults of the third generation become the 

 spring brood of moths for the succeeding year. The spring moths lay the first-brood 

 eggs, the first-brood moths lay the second-brood eggs, and second-brood moths lay 

 the third-brood eggs. 



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