34 DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 



mens of the insect were sent to Dr. J. A. Lintner, as recorded in his 

 Fifth Report, page 324 (1889). Based upon the information and 

 studies of the living material received from Mr. Barry, Doctor Lintner 

 later gave an account of the insect before the Western New York 

 Horticultural Society in 1890, under the title, "A New Pear Insect, 

 Coleophora sp.," with a brief description of the insect and its life 

 history and recommending an arsenical spray for its control in case it 

 should appear in injurious numbers. Later the same account was re- 

 printed in Popular Gardening for 1890, and in 1891 it was included 

 in Doctor Lintner's seventh report as state entomologist of New York. 



About the same time as noted in the Rochester occurrence, the 

 insect attracted attention in orchards in Canada. Dr. James Fletcher 

 in 1889 received some larvae from Charlestown, Prince Edward 

 Island, which were found feeding on plum trees. Soon after they 

 were also found depredating upon apple and pear. In 1891 Dr. D. 

 Young, of Adolphustown, Ontario, informed Doctor Fletcher of 

 their abundance in orchards of that locality, and during the same 

 year further reports of the insect came in from Port Williams, Nova 

 Scotia. At Adolphustown Doctor Young carried out extensive spray- 

 ing experiments with kerosene emulsion and Paris green. A full 

 account of these and other experiments will be found in Fletcher's 

 various publications from 1891 to 1894. Prof. C. H. Fernald, in 1892, 

 described the new insect, naming it fletcherella in honor of Doctor 

 Fletcher, who had submitted specimens for determination. He also 

 mentions having received specimens from Lintner, who, in his ninth 

 report (1893), showed that the case-bearer referred to in his earlier 

 reports was this same species. Further notes on the insect in Canada 

 were given by Fletcher in the Report of the Entomological Society 

 of Ontario for 1894. 



Prof. L. H. Bailey in 1895 reported that the failure of the apple 

 crop in Wayne and Monroe counties, X. Y., was to a great extent 

 due to the damages caused by the cigar case-bearer. The same year 

 Professor Slingerland published a valuable account of the insect, 

 giving a detailed description of it and of its life history, with excel- 

 lent photographic illustrations and a full bibliography. 



Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell in 1896 reported its introduction at Santa 

 Fe, N. Mex., the young larvre evidently having been brought in on 

 infested nursery stock from the State of New York. 



A hymenopterous parasite, Microdus laticinctus Ashm., was ob- 

 tained by Fletcher from cases from Port Hope, Ontario. a 



In 1898 Faville reported the occurrence of the insect at Manhattan, 

 Ivans., where for several years it had caused much injury. 



"Twenty-seventh Ann. Rep. Ent. Soc. Out., 1S9T, p. 67. 



