THE CIGAE CASE-BEAKER. 



37 



DESCRIPTION. 



THE EGG. 



The minute egg (fig. 10, d), which is hardly visible to the naked 

 eye, is pale yellow, and over the surface is closely marked with ele- 

 vated ridges. On the average, it measures 0.31 by 0.25 mm. and is 

 almost round in outline. 



THE LARVA AND ITS CASES. 



When newly hatched the larva is pale yellow, with the head and 

 thoracic plates dark brown or nearly black. The full-grown larva 

 (fig. 10, c) averages 5 mm. to 5.3 mm. in length and 1.16 mm. in 

 greatest width. Its head is 0.5 mm. wide and is dark and strongly 

 chitinized, with the ventral surface 

 lighter than the rest. The body is 

 reddish orange, with dark plates as 

 follows: The cervical plate on the 

 prothorax, subdivided by a white 

 interspace ; two smaller plates on the 

 dorsum of the mesothorax; a pair 

 of lateral plates on each thoracic seg- 

 ment ; a large anal plate on the termi- 

 nal segment; a small plate on the 

 side of each anal leg. The crochets 

 on the fourth pair of abdominal legs 

 are absent, and on the first three 

 pairs are rudimentary or wanting, 

 varying from none to 4, in one or 

 two rows. The anal legs have from 

 10 to 13 well-developed crochets placed in a single row. The spiracles 

 are round and feebly indicated. The thoracic legs are large, dark 

 brown, strongly chitinized, and with a chitinous plate behind the 

 basal portion of each leg. The setse on the head, thoracic legs, and 

 terminal portion of the body are distinct ; on the abdominal segments 

 they are rather indistinct. The abdominal segments are distinctly 

 divided into two annulets, and the dorsal surface of each annulet is 

 minutely granular. 



The case, as it is made in the fall, is a minute, flattened structure 

 (fig. 9, d) composed of portions of the upper and lower skins of the 

 leaf. In the spring, with the growth of the larvse, the anterior open- 

 ing is prolonged into a tube made from fragments of leaves fastened 

 by silk (fig. 9, c). The second case, in which the larva finally pu- 

 pates (fig. 9, <2, &), is longer, cylindrical or cigar-shaped, slightly 

 compressed laterally, and with a more or less distinct ridge above and 

 beneath. The anterior opening is round, slightly funnel-shaped, and 

 bent downward, so that the plane of the opening forms an acute angle 



Fig. 9. — The cases of the cigar case- 

 bearer (Goleophora fletclicrella) : a, 

 Upper view of the cigar-shaped case, 

 showing the smooth and the hairy 

 sides and the three-lobed hind open- 

 ing ; 5, side view of same ; c, the 

 case as it appears in the spring, 

 with the tubelike addition ; d, the 

 fall and winter case. Much en- 

 larged. (Original.) 



