EUROPEAN FEUIT LECANIUM AND PEAR SCALE. 157 



The results of tests in 1909 are given in Table III. 

 Table III. — Results of spraying for the European pear scale, San Jose, Cal., 1909. 









T3 

 © 



First examina- 



Second examina- 











tion, Mar. 



3-4, 



tion 



, Mar. 



20, 







Treatment. 



Date 

 sprays 



03 

 ft 



CO 



1909. 







1909. 









co 

 0) 



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 CD 



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1 . 



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Remarks. 







applied. 





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£s 



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£ 







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£3 



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CD CD 



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4f CO 



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3 © 



3 



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a 







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£ 



B 



525 



Ph 



£ 



fc 



Ph 





1 



Distillate-oil mechan- 

 ical mixture. 

 Caustic soda 



Mar. 1 



32 



620 



516 



83 



498 



380 



78 



Lichens mostly alive. 



2 



...do.... 



32 



706 



534 



75 



844 



749 



88 



Do. 



3 



Crude-oil emulsion 



...do.... 



32 



344 



297 



86 



599 



393 



65 



Lichens all dead. 



4 



Commercial lime-sul- 

 phur, No. 1. 



...do.... 



32 



950 



846 



89 



709 



627 



88 



Lichens mostly dead. 



5 



Borax 



...do.... 



32 



407 



361 



88 



1,029 



1,003 



97 



Do. 



6 



Homemade lime-sul- 

 phur." 

 Check... 



...do.... 



32 



371 



275 



74 



673 



504 



74 



Lichens nearly all alive- 



7 







941 



541 



56 



685 



341 



49 



Lichens flourishing. 













Treatment. 



Third examina- 

 tion, Apr. 16, 1909. 



Fourth examina- 

 tion, Nov. 20, 1909. 





6 



"eS 

 S 



CO 



CD 



3 cd 



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CD 

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58 



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81 



© CO 



Ph 



Remarks. 



1 

 2 



Distillate-oil mechan- 

 ical mixture. 



805 



637 

 648 

 536 



640 



652 



372 



789 



449 

 613 

 411 



609 

 514 



133 



98 



70 

 94 

 76 



95 

 79 



35 



759 



455 

 207 

 659 



452 

 1,147 



939 



757 



449 

 207 

 624 



449 

 811 



96 



100 



98 

 100 

 93 



99 

 70 



10 



Lichens mostly dead; bark soft. 



Lichens mostly dead; bark hard. 

 Lichens mostly dead; bark soft. 

 Lichens mostly dead; bark slightly 



hardened. 

 Lichens mostly dead; bark hard. 

 Lichens mostly dead; bark slightly 



hardened. 



3 

 4 



5 



Crude-oil emulsion 



Commercial lime-sul- 

 phur, No. 1. 



6 



7 



Homemade lime-sul- 

 phur. 

 Check. . 









An examination of Table III shows that all of the sprays with the 

 exception of the commercial lime-sulphur solution No. 1 and the well- 

 cooked lime-sulphur washes proved very successful in killing the scale. 

 All of them killed most of the lichens. The caustic-soda and borax 

 treatments injured the trees to a certain extent and hardened the 

 bark. In the case of the trees treated with distillate-oil emulsion and 

 crude-oil emulsion the bark was normal and in good condition. 



As noted previously, on the apricots the distillate-oil sprays as well 

 as those from crude oil seemed to possess distinct fungicidal proper- 

 ties, as the foliage was as dark and healthy on these plats and remained 

 on the trees as long as on the plats sprayed with commercial and 

 cooked lime-sulphur washes. 



A comparison of the results of 1908 and 1909 shows much in favor 

 of the latter year, which should be attributed to the better method of 

 application and of making the sprays. It appears essential for good 



