THE LESSER APPLE WORM. 53 
_ In the literature of the species it has been recorded from the fol- 
lowing States and Provinces: Illinois (Walsh); Missouri (Riley) ; 
British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec (Fletcher) ; Minnesota (Lug- 
ger); Ohio (Webster and Newell) ; District of Columbia (Simpson 
and Chittenden), and New Hampshire (?) (Sanderson, Headlee, and 
Brooks). The insect has been bred by the Bureau of Entomology 
from fruit from the following places: Tazewell, Tenn.; Raleigh, 
N.C.; Macy, Ind.; Niagara-on-Lake, Canada; Youngstown, N. Y.; 
North East, Pa.; Baltimore, Riverdale, and Arundel, Md.; Pomona 
-and Fort Valley, Ga.; Arlington, Afton, and Winchester, Va.; 
Nebraska City, Nebr.; Bentonville and Siloam Springs, Ark.; 
Garrison, Tex.; Ardmore, Ind. T.; Albert Lea, Minn.; Agricultural 
College, Mich; Tryon, N. C., and Gerrardstown, W. Va. 
FOOD PLANTS AND DESTRUCTIVENESS. 
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: Walsh bred this species from plum and “black-knot” and from 
elm and oak galls; Riley bred it from haws, crab apples, cultivated 
_.apples, and also from galls (Quercus frondosa Bassett). Fletcher 
records it from apples, haws, plums, and prunes, and Lugger states 
_ that it infests the apple, plum, and cherry, feeding on the buds of 
3 the apple before they expand and working Sian the fruit of the 
cherry. It has been noted by Chittenden as feeding on plum and 
apple, and on this latter fruit by Simpson and by Mean Sanderson, 
_Headlee, and Brooks. Bureau of Entomology records show that this 
species has been bred from apple, Cratewgus spp., peach, and plums— 
_ wild and cultivated. The larva of what proved to be this insect was 
| also found during the summer of 1907 in the Ozark regions of Arkan- 
sas, boring down the terminal shoots of young, vigorous, growing 
apple trees, and also infesting “ water sprouts” on older trees. 
While the insect has frequently been bred from cultivated varieties 
of plums of the Japanese, Chickasaw, Americana, and Domestica 
_ types, including prunes, its injuries to these fruits have not thus far 
been observed to be very extensive. The larve feed upon the young 
plums early in the season, causing them to drop, and later bore into 
_ the maturing fruit. Their attack on apples, however, in some locali- 
ties results in very important loss. 
Injury to young apples by the first brood of larve may be quite 
extensive. Thus, in an investigation of the subject by the writer in 
apple orchards in the Ozark regions of Arkansas, from July 18 to 
_ 25, the past summer, this species was found to be quite as abundant 
as the codling moth; and this conclusion was reached also by Mr. E. 
 L. Jenne, of this Bureau, who was stationed at Siloam Springs, Ark., 
for the season. At picking time the fruit from unsprayed trees in 
this region was quite as frequently injured by this species as by the 
codling moth, the two insects in unsprayed orchards injuring a 
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