60 DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INS‘CTICI -&s. 
occurring in galls or black-knot have been found'l.© ae writer, and 
we have not been able to breed it from these, in -.1e limited trials 
thus far made. 
The moths which we have secured during the past three years from 
plum, apple, and Cratzgus, and from terminal shoots of young apple 
trees, have been carefully compared by Mr. August Busck, of this 
Bureau, whose assistance we desire to acknowledge in this connection, 
and all have been found to belong to the same species, namely, Z’nar- 
monia prunivora Walsh. 
PARASITES. 
Only one hymenopterous parasite is recorded from. this species, 
namely, Wirax grapholithe Ashm., in apples from Washington, D. C., 
May 3, 1881. The insect which Walsh supposed was parasitic on this 
species, namely, Sigalphus curculionis Fitch, as shown by Riley is a 
parasite of the plum curculio (ODO IE GGIES nenuphar Hbst.), as 
has been known for many years. 
METHOD OF CONTROL. 
From the similarity in feeding habits of the lesser apple worm and 
the codling moth it would appear likely that proper spraying with 
arsenicals for the latter insect would also be effective in controlling to 
a considerable extent the former, and observations in orchards in 
Nebraska, the Ozarks, and Virginia show that this is the case. 
The larvee of the first generation, which mostly attack the fruit at 
the calyx end, are no doubt destroyed by the poison held in the calyx 
cavity, though, as has been noted, larve often bore into the fruit at 
the base of and outside of the calyx lobes. In some instances exam- 
ined the calyx cavity and stony tissue of the core just under the skin 
have been left almost or quite intact. Feeding in this way larve would 
scarcely be poisoned. The comparatively small numbers taken from 
under bands of burlap around the trees, as used for the codling moth, 
show but little value from this procedure as used specifically against 
the lesser apple worm. Thorough spraying for the codling moth will 
perhaps best serve to keep the other pest in control, and where appli-— 
cations are made for the second brood of the former insect, these cer- 
tainly will be of great use in reducing injury from the lesser apple 
worm late in the season. 
