104 DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 
No. 39.—A duplicate of experiment 17 tried on 200 trees; ro whitewash 
was applied as a second treatment. 
Emulsion applied April 21, 1908; whitewash ape September 1, 1908. 
No. 40.—Placed pieces of branches as traps in trees of small orchard to see 
if beetles would settle on them. 
No. 41.—One-half barrel kerosene emulsion used instead of water to make a 
good stiff whitewash, applying with broom to plat of 200 or 300 trees. 
First application made May 4, 1908; second application, July 9, 1908. 
No. 42.—One gallon of chloronaptholeum added to every barrel of white- 
wash used. Whitewash made as thick as possible and aoe with a broom 
to plat of about 200 trees. 
First application, May 6, 1908; second application, July 9, 1908. 
No. 43.—One gallon of Avenarius carbolineum added to each barrel of white- 
wash used: whitewash made as thick as possible and applied with a broom to a 
plat of about 200 trees. 
All fertilizer used in above experiments was of the following 
formula: 
Per cent. 
Phosphorie ‘acid. 2 2 A ee ee ee ee ee 8 
INDITOREN 22 ee ak eee Se ET es 5 
Potash 22.255 S28 et ee ee ls ee ere 2 
All trees fertilized made a growth of rich green foliage and the 
trees looked healthy, yet many of them were again attacked by the 
beetles. 
RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS. 
The first 6 experiments seem to show that whitewash acts as a re- 
pellent, not affecting the beetles once they are in the bark, but if the 
trees are kept well coated the beetles do not seem to attack the white- 
washed parts. The addition of fertilizer to the trees causes a strong 
flow of sap which, exuding through the burrows, seems to repel the 
beetles. The treatments given in Nos. 7, 8, and 9 seemed to have no 
effect whatever. In experiments 10, 11, and 12 the beetles in the tree 
at the time of application appeared to be killed, but the mixture did 
not act as a repellent and beetles settled on the trees again in a short 
while. Experiments 18, 14, 15, 16, and 17 were more promising, and 
two applications a season would undoubtedly keep the beetles down. 
The expense of these experiments, however, makes them impracti- 
cable as tried here. In experiment No. 18 all beetles attacking the 
trees at the time of application were killed, and others did not settle 
on the trees during the entire season. 
The cost of the materials used in this experiment, however, makes 
the treatment impracticable. Experiments 19, 20, and 21 had no 
effect whatever, neither killing the beetles in the trees nor repelling 
others. In experiment 22 all trees treated were killed. Experiments 
23, 24, and 25 gave very good results, the whitewash sticking well and 
the beetles not attacking the trees until long after the whitewash had 
fallen off. Experiments 26, 27, and 28 seemed to have had very little 
effect on the beetles in the bark and did not repel later attacks. Ex- 
