PROLIFERATION FOLLOWING ATTACKS OF FUNGI. 99 
STIMULATION TO PROLIFERATION BY CAUSES OTHER THAN 
WEEVIL ATTACK. 
PROLIFERATION STIMULATED BY OTHER INSECTS. 
Since beginning this study of proliferation it has been noticed 
frequently that it occurs commonly in localities where the weevil is 
not found and from many other inciting causes. Some of the most 
abundant proliferations have been found in bolls and squares follow- 
ing the attack of young bollworms (Heliothis obsoleta Fab.). (See 
Pl. II, figs. 5, 6.) In many cases small columns of purely proliferous 
material have been found projected from the punctures made by the 
pressure produced within the square or boll. Similar cases resulting 
from the attacks of young square-borers— Uranotes melinus Hbn. (PI. 
II, fig. 7) or other Thecla larvaee—are to be found in a probably larger 
proportion of the cases of attack than is generally true with weevils. 
Many species of bugs commonly produce proliferation of internal 
tissues In bolls, though no mark of their puncture can be seen in an 
external examination of the boll (Pl. I], figs. 8,9). In this way a 
Mexican bug (Pentatoma ligata Say) does great damage by inciting pro- 
liferation in the seeds (PI. ILI, figs. 10,11) and preventing the opening 
of the boll. Ina series of examinations covering 4,000 punctures made 
by this bug 34 per cent of the punctures were found to show distinct 
proliferation. A number of species of native bugs have been found to 
incite proliferation in a similar manner. Leptoglossus phyllopus L. 
and Nezara hilaris Say have been studied especially, and proliferation 
has been found in a large percentage of punctures made by these 
species. In the fields the injury of several species is likely to be so 
similar in nature and effect as to make it impossible to separate the 
_ work of the various species concerned. Thus Euschistus servus Say, 
Nezara hilaris Say, and Thyanta custator Fab. commonly occur 
together. In an examination of bolls attacked by these three species 
_ proliferation was found in 52 per cent of the total number of locks 
examined. Other species of Leptoglossus, especially L. oppositus Say 
and L. zonatus Dall., have frequently been taken upon cotton, and 
t 
_undoubtedly they incite proliferation exactly as L. phyllopus is known 
to do. Largus succinctus L. also feeds upon cotton bolls and in all 
_ probability incites proliferation, although specific instances have not 
_ been observed. 
} PROLIFERATION STIMULATED BY ATTACKS OF FUNGI. 
_ In examining large series of bolls it was found that a small per- 
centage showed distinct and characteristic proliferation on the inner 
side of carpels, which were severely attacked externally by a fungous 
_ disease of cotton known as anthracnose. No other cause for the pro- 
liferation could be seen, and the number of observations leaves 
