THE HAWAIIAN SUGAR-CANE BORER. 39 
CONTROL MEASURES. 
SELECTION OF VARIETIES FOR PLANTING. 
As has been mentioned, the softer varieties are more subject to 
attack than the hardier ones. The Yellow Caledonia, a variety 
which is replacing to a great extent the common Lahaina and Rose 
Bamboo in Hawaii, is injured to a much less extent than other 
varieties. The infestation is not necessarily less in Yellow Caledonia, 
but the borer meets with greater resistance in its feeding and conse- 
quent development because of the firmness of the fiber. 
IRRIGATION. 
Excessive irrigation favors the development of the pest, since 
cane in a succulent condition is more easily infested by the borer 
and its development within the stalk is more rapid. It is plain that 
in fields heavily infested by the borer the minimum amount of water 
should be used in irrigation. 
BuRNING OF TRASH. 
The burning of trash after harvesting the cane is the most effectual 
method of keeping the borer in check. In this practice not only 
should the fields be burned over, but all the unburned stalks left in 
the fields and all stalks dropped from carts and cars along the roads 
and tracks used in hauling the cane to the factory should be collected 
and burned. One plantation found it necessary to collect such 
stalks in piles and use crude oil on them in order to destroy them 
completely, and by a careful estimate of the labor and cost of mate- 
rial found that the money had been well invested, as was shown by 
the reduction in the numbers of borers in the fields the following 
season. 
SELECTION OF NONINFESTED SEED CANE. 
The Hawaiian sugar-cane borer is able to emerge to the surface 
from any reasonable depth when planted with seed cane. For this 
reason great care should be exercised in the selection of cane for 
planting purposes, since new areas can in this way be readily stocked 
with the pest. It is not practical to treat successfully cane infested 
with the borer, since the borer is fully protected within the stalk. 
Therefore, next in importance to the thorough burning of all trash 
after harvest is the selection of noninfested seed cane. 
PicKING AND BalItTIna. 
The most effective direct measure employed against the cane 
borer is the collecting of the adults during the daytime from their 
hiding place within the lower leaf sheaths. The supply of labor will 
