DISCUSSION OF VARIETIES. 25 



large in size; skin yellowish, nearly covered with a pinkish-red. blush, often with a 

 more or less marbled effect; subacid in flavor. The fruit thus far produced in this 

 region has been rather inferior in appearance and quality. Its season in New Jersey 

 and Delaware begins the last of July to the first of August. 

 Bonum. Synonym: Magnum Bonum. 



The Bonum apple is supposed to have originated in Davidson County, N. C, 

 and has been in cultivation many years. It is quite widely distributed throughout 

 the South. In this region it is growing in many places in North Carolina, largely 

 in the older orchards, and to some extent in Virginia. It is rarely found at more 

 northern points. 



The tree is fairly vigorous and generally healthy, with dark heavy foliage. In the 

 sections above mentioned, it is a regular bearer. The fruit is small to medium in 

 size, occasionally large; its under color is yellow, overlaid with dark crimson; mild 

 subacid flavor and of excellent dessert quality. In the sections referred to, its season 

 begins early in September and continues through the greater part of October. It is 

 even said by some growers that it can be kept all winter without special care. 



For home use, a personal market, or even for general commercial purposes this 

 variety appears to be worthy of more extensive planting in these sections. Indica- 

 tions point also to a range of adaptability extending as far north as central Delaware. 

 The high dessert quality and fine appearance of the fruit make it particularly attract- 

 ive. It is admirably suited for hotel or other trade where a highly colored apple of 

 fine quality and not over large size is desired. 

 Bough. Synonym: Sweet Bough, Large Yelloiu Bough. 



The first mentioned synonym is the name under which this variety is generally 

 known, but it is reduced to Bough under the rules of nomenclature of the American 

 Pomological Society. This is also the name under which it was described in 1817 by 

 Coxe, this being the earliest published description. Its origin is obscure, except the 

 mere fact that it is a native variety. 



The Bough apple is widely distributed in many sections of the country, and in this 

 region it is in many orchards throughout the Maryland, Delaware, and New Jersey 

 sections, though not produced in large quantities. 



The tree is only moderately vigorous under the conditions in these sections. Some 

 complaint of its being short lived is made. A few instances of rather serious twig 

 blight have been observed, but this does not appear to be common. Shy bearing is 

 reported by some, but, as a rule, fairly regular and abundant crops are produced. 

 The fruit is medium to large, greenish yellow, tender, crisp, and of a rich, sweet flavor. 

 Its season usually lasts about two weeks in individual orchards, though occasionally 

 the fruit is all harvested at a single picking. It may be had at some point in the 

 sections mentioned during most of July, the exact date of maturity depending upon 

 the location and local conditions. 



Experiences differ as to the profitableness of this variety. Its principal use, on 

 account of its flavor, is for eating out of hand or for baking. It is the one sweet 

 early variety that is commonly grown, hence it may be of particular importance 

 for this reason. It is probably better adapted to a special trade or a personal market 

 than it is for general commercial purposes. It is said to sell well at some of the seashore 

 resorts along the New Jersey and Delaware coast. 



Buckingham. Synonyms: Fall Queen, Equinetely, Byers 1 Red. Nearly thirty other 

 synonyms have been applied less generally than the ones here mentioned. 



The history of this variety traces back with fairly definite records to 1777 to the 

 garden of Col. John Byers, of revolutionary fame, who lived in Louisa County, Va. 

 The Buckingham is quite widely distributed in many sections of the South, but is 

 not grown in large quantities. It is in a few orchards in the Virginia and North 

 Carolina sections of this region, but is relatively unimportant. 

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