118 LIFE HISTORY OF NORTH AMERICAN TICKS. 
human host. The hosts reported by Neumann are cattle, horse, 
sheep, dog, and deer. One of the authors (Bishopp) found this tick 
in great numbers on cattle at Tampico, Mex., but very few were taken 
on horses. Mr. G. N. Wolcott has collected it on both horses and 
cattle in the Province of Pinar del Rio, Cuba. 
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 
This variety, which Neumann considers as including microplus, has 
a wide distribution. It undoubtedly occurs in all of the countries 
of South America, having been reported from British Guiana, Brazil, 
Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile. It is known to occur as 
far north as Tampico, Mex., where it was found to be a bad pest. In 
Central America it has been reported from Guatemala, Costa Rica, 
and Panama. It appears to be widely distributed in the West Indies, 
having been reported from Cuba, Jamaica, Porto Rico, Antigua, 
Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Trinidad. 
The variety was described from Australia, where it has quite a 
wide distribution. It has also been reported from the Malay Archi- 
pelago (from Borneo and Sumatra), and Lounsbury has found it, as 
well as another variety, decoloratus, to occur in Cape Colony. C. S. 
Banks (1904) has reported the finding of this tick upon cattle which 
had arrived in the Philippine Islands 26 days before. He suggests 
that the ticks may have attached after arriving at Manila, in which 
case it may occur throughout those islands. From what he says in 
regard to the occurrence of larve on and in buildings near Manila 
where cattle are kept, it seems quite probable that this tick occurs 
there. 
LIFE HISTORY. 
Observations on the biology of this variety have been made by 
Pound (1899) in Australia, Lounsbury (1905) in Cape Colony, 
Ligniéres (1900), and Lahille (1904) in Argentina, Rohr (1909) in 
Brazil, and Newstead (1909) in Jamaica. 
The egg (Table XLI).—In one instance oviposition commenced on 
the day following dropping and in another on the second day. Fe- 
males which dropped on April 30, 1908, and were placed out of doors 
in tubes on sand commenced oviposition in from 5 to 13 days. The 
period of deposition as observed in 5 ticks varied from 15 to 23 days. 
The largest number of eggs deposited by any one of 11 ticks observed 
was 4,459 in which instance oviposition commenced on September 4, 
the second day following dropping. This female, which measured 
12 by 8 by 5.5 mm., was the second largest tick observed. The 
average number of eggs deposited, based upon the 11 ticks observed, 
was 3,424. Rohr reports 3,046 to have been the maximum number 
of eggs deposited by any tick observed by him, with 1,529 as the 
minimum and 2,471 as the average for some 18 ticks. . 
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