140 LIFE HISTORY OF NORTH AMERICAN TICKS. 
adult longevity recorded was between 388 and 411 days. These ticks 
were kept on moist sand in the laboratory. The longevity of the 
sexes appears to be about the same. 
TaBLeE LVI.—Longevity of adults of Amblyomma maculatum. 
Molted. 
Longev- 
Date last tick died. ity in 
Date. Male. Female. | Total. days. 
1907 1908 
Decembene. 5 a ae es te eee a 2 2 A) Deei Gt saeco tee 2 eee 365+ 
WM ECIB OF ae wate ew 2.05 ey Cie il il 2 Jan. 22-heb-s14.- eae 388-411 
1909 1910 
14 Cpe REN Se eR EE, yey ey Oe 1 0 Ao ONOVi: 282. ce Soe 2 
May i4=5 ace eee. ese as See ee Se Se 1 1 2 | Sept. 26—Oct. 18......- 144-167 
MOS apap ee a oe eae 0 1 | (Sept..26e. 6 a. 20. at eee 144 
Males and females that had been reared from nymphs when placed 
upon the host attached quite readily. Twelve days passed, however, 
before they were found in copulation. After a male mates with a 
female it usually remains with her until she drops; it then goes in 
search of another mate. Mr. J. D. Mitchell states that he has observed 
the sexes in copulation after having been removed from the host. 
Engorgement has been found to take place as soon as 14 days. 
Partially engorged females reattach if they have not been injured in 
being removed. The largest specimen which we have observed was 
collected partially engorged from a sheep; it reattached and engorged 
upon a bovine. This specimen remained attached for a day and a half 
after being apparently fully engorged. Upon removal it was found 
to weigh 1 gram and to measure 18 by 13 by 8mm. Next to Am- 
blyomma tuberculatum this is the largest species that occurs in the 
United States. 
TaBLeE LVII.—Engorgement of females of Amblyomma maculatum. 
Females Period of 
Adults applied. Host. dropped attach- Size engorged. 
engorged. ment. 
1908 1908 Days. 
NY) RO (Re ages SER Ose eres) < AEN ri ie Bovine May 11 14 | 14 by 10 by 7mm. 
ye Ne eee BAN SP eee Pe oe Serle Ofseace May 12.... 15 | 18 by 11.5 by 8mm 
PANT 21d) = cesses | casei cee a ee ee aes doeeeees May 14 (2) 17 | 15 by 10.5 by 7mm 
SALPT Dike cies ch AEE Ss A ee Ee donee May e15t 2. 18 | 18 by 12 by 7mm 
Males remain attached for long periods after the females drop and 
may mate with several females. This habit of remaining upon the 
host after the females have dropped accounts for so many males being 
taken at certain seasons of the year when females can not be found. 
On August 28, 1907, Mr. J. D. Mitchell of this bureau examined the 
ears of 340 cattle at a branding chute in Goliad County, Tex., and 
found 4 females and about 100 males, none of these being in coitu. 
The males were frequently in clusters, as many as 9 being counted in 
