RELATIONSHIP OF WHITE SNAKEROOT AND MILKSICKNESS. ( 



intestines, a? shown by hemorrhages into the lumen of these organs 

 and injection of their walls, with at times adhesion of the intestinal 

 walls to one another. 6 The p} r loric region was found contracted.' 

 and Pe} T ers and Brunher's glands were swollen. Graff has reported 

 in one case adhesions and thickening of the cerebral membranes/ 7 In 

 other cases in which autopsies were made very slight lesions were 

 noted. e 



The clinical symptoms of some cases of milksickness resemble 

 closely those described by Vaughan and Novy under the name galac- 

 totoxismus f and would probably be so diagnosed if they occurred 

 outside of the areas where milksickness is prevalent. Schmidt 9 sug- 

 gested that cases of milksickness occurred in cities, but were not 

 diagnosed as such. Other cases resemble other forms of ptomaine 

 poisoning described by Vaughan, 7 ' while the symptoms of still others 

 resemble those occurring in Van Ermengem's cases of sausage pois- 

 oning. These cases described by Van Ermengem * showed marked 

 nausea and vomiting and severe constipation, although two cases had 

 diarrhea. There was retention of urine, while the temperature, pulse, 

 and mental symptoms remained about normal, as in cases of milk- 

 sickness. Some difficulty in swallowing was noted and there were 

 ocular disturbances — diplopia, dilatation of the pupil, ptosis, etc. 

 The post-mortem examination, as in milksickness, showed no char- 



« De Bruler, J. P. Milk-Sickness. Chicago Med. Jour., vol. 15, p. 209, 1S5S. 



6 Davis, K. H. Milk-Sickness. Atlanta Med. Reg., vol. 1, p. 394, 1881-82. 



c Byford, W. H.. 1. c, p. 465.— Drake, D. Morbid Anatomy of Milksickness. 

 West. Jour. Med. and Surg., vol. 4, 184] , p. 234. 



a Graff, G. B., 1. c, p. 366. 



r Crookshank, N., 1. c, p. 256. 



f Vaughan, V. C, and Novy, F. G. Cellular Toxins, 1902, p. 216. Compare 

 Graff, G. B„ 1. c, p. 364 ; also Walker, J. W., Milk-Sickness, Science, vol. 8, p. 

 483, 1886. 



Schmidt. C. H. Milk Sickness. Cincinnati Lancet and Observer, vol. 20, 

 p. 412. 1877. 



h Vaughan, V. C. Ptomaines, Toxins and Leucomai'ns. Twentieth Century 

 Practice, vol. 13. 



* Van Ermengem, E. Leber einem neueu anaerob. Bacillus u. seine Bezie- 

 hungen z. Botulismus. Zeits. f . Hygiene, vol. 26, p. 1, 1897 ; Untersuch. ii. Falle 

 v. Fleischvergift. mit Symptomen v.. Botulismus. Cent. f. Bakter., part 1, vol. 

 19, p. 442, 1896. — Romer, P. Ein Beitrag z. Aetiologie des Botulismus. Cent, 

 f. Bakter., part 1, vol. 27, p. 857, 1900.— Kempner, W., and Pollack, B. Wirkung 

 des Botulismustoxins (Fleischgiftes) und seines specifischen Antitoxins auf die 

 Xervenzellen. Deutsch. Med. Woch., vol. 23, p. 505, 1897. — Brieger and Kemp- 

 ner, W. Beitr. z. Lehre von der Fleischvergift. Deutsch. Med. Woch., 1897, p. 

 521. — Kempner, W. Weiterer Beitrag z. Lehre von den Fleischvergift. Das 

 Antitoxin des Botulismus. Zeits. f. Hygiene, vol. 26, p. 481, 1897. — Osier, W. 

 Modern Medicine, vol. 1, p. 232, 1907. 

 121—1 



