PREVENTION AND CURE. 63 
There were planted 3,600 root grafts with each kind of wrapping. 
The percentage of healthy trees grown from each set, given in order 
from the highest to the lowest, is as follows: Cloth, 78.2; rubber, 
71.4; waxed paper, 62.5; waxed thread, 60.5; plain thread, 60.3; no 
wrapping, 49.6; and wax covered, 28.5. 
The results from this series of experiments are comparable, con- 
sidering the varying physical conditions of the plats in which the 
trees were grown, since other conditions were similar. There is but 
a slight variation in the experiments in the percentage of trees dis- 
eased in the case of each kind of wrapping. It is for this reason that 
the results from each experiment are given separately. 
The conclusions taken from the experiment as a whole are these: 
Cloth is the best wrapping to use. Rubber is almost equal to cloth, 
but its cost is prohibitive. Waxed paper is a little better than 
ordinary thread wrapping, which is again better than waxed thread. 
The other two methods are not worth considering. 
The percentage of trees in each set lost by disease, considering each 
diseased tree as a cull, is as follows: Cloth, 12.1; rubber, 15.7; waxed 
paper, 22; plain thread, 25; waxed thread, 28.6; no wrapping, 31.5; 
and wax covered, 38.2. These percentages do not include the root 
grafts that died. 
The best way to consider the results of the experiment from the 
nurseryman’s standpoint is to estimate the number of healthy trees 
to the acre that would be obtained by each method of wrapping. Not 
nearly all root grafts that are planted grow. Many die before they 
strike root, owing to various causes, such as the breaking of the callus 
in the union by careless bundling, poor soil, and conditions at the 
time of planting, etc. If 15,000 root grafts are required to plant an 
acre, the number of healthy trees to be obtained from each kind of 
wrapping, on the basis of the results from this experiment, is as 
follows: Cloth, 11,730; rubber, 10,610; waxed paper, 9,375; waxed 
thread, 9,075; plain thread, 9,045; no wrapping, 7,440; and wax 
covered, 4,275. 
If apple trees are worth 8 cents each wholesale, the gain from 
the use of cloth wrapping as compared to the ordinary plain thread 
wrapping is 2,685 trees, or $214.80 per acre. 
Attention is called to the fact that to get the best results any 
wrapping must hold the parts firmly together and that the union 
should be entirely covered, especially the lower end of the scion piece. 
It should also be noted that the cloth used was not waxed cloth, but 
ordinary cloth, a cheap calico without wax, except to fasten down 
the end. Waxed cloth may serve its purpose in preventing excessive 
formation of callus and in keeping out germs, but often does not rot 
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