,86 BULLETIN 354, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



*113. Calophyllum calaba Jacq. Marias, Palo de Maria; Santa Maria (Jamaica). 



Tree from 45 to 60 feet high and from 2 to 3 feet in diameter (in Jamaica said to 

 attain a height of 150 feet and a diameter of 5 feet and over), rather common in the 

 humid north, east, and northwest sections and occasionally along the banks of the 

 streams in the semiarid southcoast region. Common also throughout the West Indies. 

 The wood is said to be greatly prized locally for carpentry work, and for canoes when 

 the trunk is large enough. Elsewhere it has a variety of uses, such as construction 

 work, shipbuilding and heavy machine work, posts, furniture, fellies of wheels, and 

 shingles. Seeds yield an oil said to be used in lamps. Tree is suitable for ornamental 

 planting. 



Wood white or reddish in color, hard and durable. Reported to weigh about 46 

 pounds per cubic foot. 



*114. Clusia rosea Jacq. Cupey, Palo de Cupey; Balsam Fig; Balsam tree (Br. W. I.). 

 Tree from 20 to 60 feet high and from 18 to 24 inches in diameter; commonly starts 

 as a parasite on the branches of other trees, although it may start directly on the 

 ground. It is quite generally distributed on the island and throughout the West 

 Indies. The wood is used largely for posts and fuel. 



Wood reddish-brown with brown and white streaks, very cross and fine grained, 

 hard; heavy (55 pounds per cubic foot), and durable. Pores small, solitary or in 

 pairs, evenly distributed. Pith rays moderately narrow, distinct, but not conspic- 

 uous. 



Note. — Other incidental and unimportant trees in this and a closely related 

 genus are Clusia krugiana Urb. (Cupey, Cupei, Cupeillo), occurring in the Lu- 

 quillo region, and Rheedia portoricensis Urb. (= Clusia acuminata Spreng= Tovo- 

 mita elliptica C. & C.) (Guayabacoa, Sebucan), growing along the seacoasts. 

 shrubs or trees from 10 to 60 feet high, with wood resembling that of Clusia rosea. 



XXXV. BlXACE.E. 



115. Bixa orellana L. Achiote, Achota^ Bixa, Biji, Arnatta, Anatto. 



Tree from 20 to 30 feet high and about a foot in diameter, occurring in the interior. 

 It is planted in many parts of the island. The wood is little used. A coloring matter 

 extracted from the arillus of the seed is much used locally for coloring rice, soup, etc. ; 

 and as the "anatto" of commerce is widely used for coloring cheese, chocolates, and 

 butter, also by varnish makers for imparting a rich orange tinge to some grades of their 

 products. 



Wood nearly white in its natural state, but when polished turns slightly yellowish 

 or reddish. On a radial surface it has narrow lines of slightly darker color, which 

 correspond with the annual rings of growth clearly visible in transverse sections. 

 It is very soft, light (about 25 pounds per cubic foot), weak, brittle, and not durable 

 in contact with the soil. Pores rather conspicuous in the early wood, rendering it 

 somewhat coarse and open-grained. 



XXXVI. WlNTERANACE^E. 



116. Represented by two genera, each with one tree species, neither one of which is of 



importance. 



Winterana canella L. (Barbasco, Wild cinnamon), a tree from 25 to 45 feet high, 

 of rather general distribution along the coast and throughout the West Indies, with a 

 pale, orange-colored, aromatic bark which is used as a tonic; and Pleodendron macran- 

 thum (Baill.) v. Tiegh. (= Cinnamodendron macranthum Baill.) (Chupa gallo, Chupa- 

 callo), a tree from 20 to 30 feet high, from the Sierra de Luquillo, with a white, hard, 

 and heavy wood. 



XXXVII. Flacourtiace^:. 



117. Homalium racemosum J acq. Tostado, Caracolillo, Cerezo. 



Tree from 20 to 60 feet high, quite generally distribute: 1 , throughout the island. 

 The wood is very useful for building and carpentry. 



