DIFFERENT SPECIES. 31 



by the fact that it does not have an actively creeping rootstock. Each 

 plant forms a separate small clump by itself. The branches are shorter 

 than the internodes and the middle branch of the three is longest, 

 whereas in other bamboos the middle branch is the shortest — some- 

 times wanting. Clumps of this form grow to 10 or 12 feet in height 

 in Japan, with a diameter of little over three-fourths of an inch. The 

 internodes are long, and the sheaths, although withering the first year, 

 do not fall off until the following year. They are bright green in color, 

 with a purple edging. The leaves are large, sometimes over 12 inches 

 long by li inches broad, and are borne in fours, fives, sevens, or 

 eights. The hardness of the culms, their small cavity, and the smooth- 

 ness of the nodes, as well as their small size, are characteristics that 

 well adapt them for arrow making. This is believed to be a hard}^ 

 species, and it is quite unlike the ordinary bamboos in appearance. 



Phyllostachys Marliacea, Mitford. 



(Japanese names: " Shibo-chiku" or "tShiwa-cliiku.'") 



The " wrinkled bamboo" is easily distinguished from all other kinds 

 by the fact that its culms are longitudinally channeled with shallow 

 grooves. It is a low-growing species compared with P. quilioi, which 

 it otherwise resembles, not being commonly over 12 to 14 feet high, 

 even in Japan. It is a rare kind, and its culms are used occasionally, 

 it is said, for decorative woodwork in the special rooms which in many 

 Japanese houses are kept sacred for the tea-drinking ceremony. A 

 beautiful and hardy form. 



Artjndinaria Jafonica, Sieb. & Zucc. 



(Japanese name: " MttaW or MidaM;" not " 3^ak•ade. ,, ) 



I A well-known bamboo in Europe, where it is not very highly thought 

 of b}^ some, but is praised as a valuable decorative plant by others. A 

 form distinguishable by its persistent sheaths which, instead of falling 

 off, like those of the genus Phyllostachys, remain attached until they 

 become frayed out and split to pieces. These ragged sheaths give to 

 clamps of the plant an untidy appearance. The culms are round and 

 without any groove or flattening on one side, as is the case with the 

 Phyllostachides. The pseudophylls of the ordinary sheaths are very 

 narrow, sometimes not over an eighth of an inch wide, and from 1 to 2 

 inches long; but those of the topmost sheaths develop into true leaves. 

 The leaves themselves are large, 8 to 12 inches by \\ to 2 inches. 

 This is said to be the hardiest species in Japan, growing as far north 

 as the island of Hokkaido, where the temperature falls below zero 

 Fahrenheit. Its culms are extensively used for fan making, and 

 millions of cheap paper-colored fans are made every year from the 



