51 
If added carefully and slowly a smooth paste will be obtained, provided the lime 
is of good quality. Then add sufficient.water to bring the whole up to 25 gallons. 
When the copper sulphate is entirely d.ssolved and the lime cool, pour the lime milk 
and copper sulphate solution slowly together in a barrel and stir well with a broad 
wooden paddle to insure perfect freedom from lumps of lime. It is often necessary 
to pass the whole mixture through a fine wire sieve or strainer before commencing 
to spray. For apple and pear scab, spray before the buds open. Repeat before the 
blossoms expand and again after the blossoms fall. If necessary, repeat again in 
ten days’ time; this will depend upon weather conditions and variety of fruit treated. 
The Vermorel nozzle, which distributes the spray in a mist-like form, is probably 
the best for use with this mixture. 
Spray No. 8.—Hellebore. 
[For pear and cherry slugs; gooseberry and currant worms. } 
For use with spray pump take 1 ounce hellebore to 1 gallon water. Steep the hel- 
lebore in one pint of boiling water for an hour, then add the balance of water cold. 
Hellebore is, however, generally used in the powder form, dusted on the trees or 
plants treated. A machine for the purpose is the best method of using it on a large 
scale. In all cases care should be taken to get fresh hellebore, to insure satisfactory 
results. 
Spray No. 9.—Paris-green spray. 
[For codlin moth, caterpillars, and uther leaf-eating insects. | 
Oe 8 eS ae a 4 ozs. 
cee OO ee eS ree 1 lb. 
ee ee Sige oh Se mo en Ree wees nee 50 gals. 
Make a paste of the Paris green with a little water. Make the lime into milk of 
lime with water. Mix all together and add water to make the required amount. 
Paris green is a heavy powder and does not remain long in suspension; hence it 
must be kept constantly stirred when using. Be sure that good lime is used to pre- 
vent burning of foliage. Apply with spray pump. London purple may be used in 
place of Paris green, but is not usually so reliable. 
Paris green or London purple can generally be used to advantage with Bordeaux 
mixture, making a combined fungicide and insecticide. Use in the proportions given 
above, viz, 4 ounces Paris green to 50 gallons Bordeaux mixture. 
Spray No. 15.—Lye and soap wash. 
{For winter use only.]} 
ES EO ey Oe ee 1 1b. 
RI SS oo EON es ee 1 Ib. 
a er ees Ce ee on date enc eet ae teases scenes O £Ol8, 
Dissolve the lye and soap in the water heated. ‘The mixture may be applied with 
aswab or brush or with the spray pump if used warm. 
One thorough application in the fall and another before growth commences in the 
spring should be made when used against woolly aphides. This is also an excellent 
wash to remove moss or lichen from trees and bushes, and for this purpose alone 
half the amount of soap is sufficient. 
11. Where pests or fungous diseases are found to exist during the growing season, 
while the trees are in leaf, spraying must be done and such remedies applied as shall 
be recommended by or under authority of the board from time to time, so that the 
insects or diseases can at least be held in check until the stronger washes of the 
dormant season can be safely applied. 
12. All boxes, crates, or other packages or wrappings which have contained infected 
nursery stock shall be destroyed by fire immediately after the removal of the con- 
tents thereof. 
