94 
believe the only member of its genus eyer becoming seriously injuri- 
ous, is Tettigonia circillata. It is as injurious and in every way 
entirely replaces the small vine hopper in the Santa Clara Valley, and 
while occurring all over the coast region southward is nowhere 
troublesome. It differs from the Typhlocyba in breeding in the winter 
and on other plants as well as on grapes in the summer time. 
It is not necessary to bring up further examples to show how clearly 
the distribution and habits of insects depend upon their environment, 
and the necessity in a region of such diversity as California of making 
local investigations before having any sound basis for economic 
practice. 
NOTES FROM CANADA. 
By JAMES FLETCHER, Ottawa, Canada. 
The economic entomologist has had full opportunity this spring of 
studying injurious insects in all parts of Canada. Owing to the atten- 
tion which has been directed to the subject by legislation connected 
with the San Jose scale and other injurious insects, many people have 
noticed insect injuries which otherwise would have been overlooked. 
An important concession was made by the federal government last 
spring in allowing nursery stock to be imported into Canada subject 
to fumigation in houses specially prepared and in charge of a govern- 
ment officer. 
Tent caterpillars of the two common species, which during the last 
three years have been extremely abundant in eastern Canada, were 
noticeably less destructive. Although many hatched in some places, 
they disappeared suddenly and few produced the perfect insects. The 
cause of this sudden disappearance was not detected in most cases. 
Leaf rollers on apple trees were very destructive toward the end of 
May in orchards along the northern shore of Lake Ontario, the two 
commonest species being Lophoderus quadrifasciana and Cacecia ros- 
aceana. Both of these insects are common at Ottawa and have done 
a considerable amount of harm for several years, but they have been 
particularly abundant this summer. In 1891 and 1892 apple trees on 
the experimental farm were almost denuded in the spring. The larvee 
of Lophoderus eat the green portions of the leaves, reducing them to 
masses of dirty white down, the pubescence from beneath the leaves, 
and fragments of leaves. Another injury to apple trees of some 
interest which has been complained of this year rather more than 
usual is an attack upon the flowers by the click beetle Corymbites 
tarsalis. ‘The beetles eat holes into the petals and destroy the essen- 
tial organs as well. JLcropteryx pomivorella, usually a rare insect, 
has been found in considerable numbers in the Niagara district, and 
specimens have also been sent from Nova Scotia. The curious little 
cocoons in some instances have been sent in as scale insects. They 
