20 



I might deduce further evidence to support the opinions expressed 

 as to the number of broods, but I have already tired you with a long 

 address and many records and deductions drawn from them. The 

 data referred to are included in the i3resent paper. You may study 

 them at your leisure and draw your own conclusions. I only hope 

 that at no distant time we may be able to make definite statements 

 without much guessAvork as to the number of broods of this imj)ortant 

 orchard pest wherever it occurs in this countr}", and that the obser- 

 vations here reported may assist to that end. 



On motion of Dr. Howard, Professor Gillette was voted the thanks 

 of the Association for his excellent address. 



A general discussion of the address followed. 



Mr. Ball thought that much could be gained from this 'paper as a 

 lesson upon the magnitude of a complete life-history study, and made 

 a general suggestion that the life history of a closely allied species, 

 living under natural conditions, could often be used as a check to the 

 work on that of an economic species. As an illustration, he* cited the 

 case of the chinch bug and the false chinch bug, which have been vari- 

 ously reported as from one to four-brooded, while closely allied species 

 occurring under natural conditions can be easily determined to be 

 definitely two-brooded. 



Mr. Howard said the paper was an education upon life-history work, 

 but suggested that the statement that the insect was only double- 

 brooded in the South as well as the Xorth was somewhat startling, and 

 that he was not at all disposed to accept it without further eWdence. 



Mr. Scott stated that he had done very little work on this insect, but 

 from his general notes it aiDpeared to be three-brooded in Georgia. 



Mr. Cockerell thought that the greatest damage was done to Septem- 

 ber apples, while fruit maturing in June was not materialh^ damaged. 

 It was almost impossible to grow apples in southern Mexico, while the 

 insect did not occur in Arizona. 



Mr, HoiDkins thought that the moth would be governed by the same 

 phenological law as that which governed the periodical phenomena of 

 l)lants and other insects — that is (as determined hj him in West Vir- 

 ginia), an average difference of about 1 day for each one-fourth degree 

 of latitude and about the same difference for each 100 feet in altitude. 



The results of observaiions made by him in June and July, 1901, is 

 compared with the calculated normals for first appearance of larv?e 

 from apples in West Virginia, as follows: 



Locality. 



Date of observation and result. 



Latitude.; Altitude. 



Calculated normal 

 dates. 



Morgantown July 3. a few had emerged. 



Gerrardstown... 



Elkins 



Leebell 



Huttonsville 



Near Huttons- 

 ville. 



June 27, a few had emerged . 

 July 9, a few had emerged .. 



July 10, first emerging 



July 11, a few had emerged . 

 July 11, none had emei'ged .. 



o 



Feet. 



39 io 



1,000 



39 30 



400 



38 45 



2.000 



38 iO 



2.200 



38 45 



2,100 



38 45 



2,600 



July 1 (estimated 



base). 

 June 24. 

 July 7. 

 July 9. 

 July S. 

 July 13. 



