48 



it did not seem likely that it was American. Hence, on general princi- 

 ples, one would look for its home in eastern Asia. However, the 

 speaker thought it might just as well have come from China as Japan. 



In concluding, Mr. Cockerell said he did not accept the view that 

 Diaspis peniagona ^^^ certainlj^ a native of Japan. On some such 

 grounds as those mentioned by Mr. Marlatt it might be referred to 

 Jamaica and various other places. He did not consider we yet knew 

 certainl}" where this scale originated. 



Mr, Jordan said that a very large proportion of the flora of Jai)an 

 came from China, more especially the fruits, and it was therefore 

 possible that the San Jose scale might have been introduced into 

 Japan from China. Upon his trip to Japan he was impressed with 

 the utter neglect of the orchards in that country and the wholesale 

 destruction of birds. 



Mr. Kellogg said that Mr. S. I. Kuwana, assistant in entomology at 

 Stanford University, spent all of last summer collecting and studying 

 the Japanese scale insects, giving special attention to the San Jose 

 scale. Eighty species were taken, twenty of which were new. Mr. 

 Kuwana visited three of the four principal islands of the Empire, and 

 found the San Jose scale generally distributed throughout these islands 

 in native orchards as well as on imported trees. The San Jose scale 

 has been known to the natives of Japan for more than thirty years 

 under the name of ki-abura. He could not agree Avith Mr. Marlatt 

 that the weight of evidence was in favor of America as its native 

 home. He was of the opinion that there were not yet sufficient facts 

 at hand to determine this point definitely, but that the present indi- 

 cations were that the insect came from Japan to California. He stated 

 that Mr. Kuwana had found the scale attacked by parasites and pre- 

 daceous insects, which would have some weight in favor of Japan as 

 its home. He thought that both Mr. Marlatt and Mr. Kuwana had 

 made a mistake by confining their investigations to the lines of the 

 railroad instead of giving the wild plants more particular attention. 



Mr. Howard said that in his opinion Mr. Kellogg's statement as to 

 IDarasites did not affect the point in question, that native parasites 

 might attack an introduced species of scale. He thought also that 

 old native trees were quite as liable to the attacks of scale as intro- 

 duced plants. He said that ]\Ir. Marlatt's wide experience in the study 

 of the Diaspine group of scales in the eastern United States admirably 

 equii^jDcd him for the investigation now in j)rogress in Japan and that 

 his expressed opinion should have the greatest weight. He held to the 

 opinion that the Aveight of evidence indicates that Japan is not the 

 original home of the San Jose scale, but that it was introduced into 

 Japan from America; but stated that Mr. Marlatt would l)e instructed 

 to extend his investigations into the wild country, in the hope of 

 securing further facts bearing upon the question at hand. 



The next paper on the programme was presented b}' Mr. Hopkins: 



