52 



vicinity entirel}^ eseajDed the accuiu illations of these bugs ; but that all 

 served as food ]3lants I am not certain. It is a common insect in the 

 State upon beets, and has been reported to me as injuring cabbage 

 and cauliflower. 



The usual contact poisons — kerosene emulsion, whale-oil soap, and 

 buhach— were used upon the bugs in the ordinaiy strengths without 

 satisfactory results. In fact the most thorough applications would 

 hardly kill any of these insects. 



Aspidioius lioioardi was first foilnd by the writer some years ago at 

 Canon City, Colo., where it was j^resent in injurious numbers upon 

 European and American varieties of plum, attacking both twigs and 

 fruit. Scattering specimens were also noticed at that time upon 

 pears. While tlie scale has remained in considerable numbers in the 

 small plum orchard where it was first found, I have not known of its 

 occurrence in any other locality until the present summer, when I was 

 called by the horticultural inspector of Delta County, Mr. H. E. 

 Mathews, to go with him to determine what scale was infesting a pear 

 orchard in the vicinity of Delta. The scales could be found upon 

 nearly all the pear trees in the orchard, attacking both bark and fruit, 

 chiefly the latter. There were but few trees upon which the scale 

 could be said to be abundant. We visited the orchard June 12, at 

 which time young lice were hatching in small numbers. These were 

 of the usual yellow color, but the little scale that first forms over them 

 is pure white. From that date to August 20, at least, these young lice 

 have continued to appear. On raising the scales from the females I 

 nearly always found two or three j^oung lice beneath tliem, and for 

 some time thought the scale must be viviparous, but a new lot of the 

 scales sent b}^ Mr. Mathews August 17 contained females beneath 

 wiiich eggs were found. The eggs apxDarently hatch very soon after 

 they are deposited, as it is usual to find two or three young lice and 

 but one or two eggs under a female. Possibly the females are botli 

 oviparous and viviparous. 



The scales cluster, for the most X3art, about the blossom end of the 

 pears, and where they rest upon the cheek of the fruit they usually 

 cause a depression and sometimes a red ring, which is considered to 

 be characteristic of perniciosus. In this orchard occasional scales 

 were found upon plums also. I have fruit with me with these scales 

 upon it that you are at liberty to examine. 



Chernies ahietis. — This louse is abundant upon silver spruce in Col- 

 orado, especially in high altitudes, causing the cone-like galls at the 

 tips of the new growth. The galls are always present in considerable 

 numbers in trees of silver spruce upon the college campus at Fort 

 Collins. 



Chermes sp. — Two species (possibly one) of Chermes, one infesting 

 Douglass spruce and one pine {Pinus ponderosa), are abundant nearly 

 every year in the northern portion of the State, at least about Fort 



