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son. each individual paying for the treatment of his own trees. The 

 general condition of the shade trees in both cities is much improved 

 hy this work, and considering all the trees in the streets of both cities, 

 the results are decidedly in favor of Albany. This is probably due 

 almost entireh' to the fact that it is much more economical to take a 

 street at a time and spray all the trees than to go hither and thither 

 as desired by private parties. The former is possible only where the 

 city undertakes to spray all the trees on the streets, while the latter 

 must obtain where spraying depends upon the will and financial abil- 

 ity of the owner of the abutting x^roperty. It might be well to add, 

 that as a rule Albanians neglect the trees on their oavu premises, while 

 Trojans, who have spraying done, invariably include the trees on the 

 premises as well as those in front of the property. The elm leaf- 

 beetle has almost undisputed sway in the poorer portions of Troy, 

 because the residents can not afford to have their trees sprayed, while 

 in Albany these as well as those inhabited by the wealthier class 

 are treated and the results are most beneficent, because it is in these 

 poorer quarters that shade is most urgentlj^ needed. It therefore 

 seems to me most advisable to urge the prosecution of such Avork, 

 when necessary, upon municipalities rather than to allow it to depend 

 upon the enterprise of private individuals, solely because it means 

 the greatest good to the greatest number at a minimum of expenditure. 

 This imported pest is slowly extending its range northward of Albany 

 and Troy and in some localities where no spraying is done it is this 

 season proving a scourge to both European and American elms. 



Forest tent caterpillar {Clisiocampa disstria Hiibn.). — This insect 

 has been a most serious pest in Xew York State for the last four or 

 five years, and in localities here and there it has proved exceedingly 

 destructive this season. The outbreak of 1901, so far as I can learn, 

 was much more limited in area than in the previous years and confined 

 largely to sections adjacent to where the insect had been specially 

 abundant previously. The caterpillar appears, as a rule, to be unable 

 to exist in large numbers in one locality for more than four or five 

 years in succession. This is probably to be explained by the local 

 activity of natural enemies. Another marked feature has been the 

 increasing predominance of the pest in orchards. It is perhaps hardly 

 necessary to add tlmt most of the injuries in orchards could have been 

 prevented by timely and thorough spraying. 



Carpenter moth {Prionoxystus rohinice Peck). — This is a serious 

 enemy to maple, oak, and ash trees in certain sections of New York 

 State. Its destructive work at Ogsd^nburg was brought to my atten- 

 tion by Miss Mary B. Sherman, of that place, and through her some 

 interesting examples of the borers' work in sugar-maple trees were 

 secured. One-third of a section or a tree about 15 inches in diameter 

 was fairly riddled with the large burrows of the caterpillar of this 

 insect. It was so abundant as to ruin a number of fine trees in that 



