67 



localitj^ and necessitate their removal. The work of this pest at 

 Buffalo was brought to my notice by Mr. M. F. Adams, of that city, and 

 through his kindness I have been able to secure good examples of the 

 insects' work in ash and to observe its operations in oaks. This spe- 

 cies also occurs on Long Island. AH the examples of its work seen 

 by me show that the full grown caterpillars prefer to run their bur- 

 rows at some depth in the wood, and that as a rule they run so close 

 to and communicate so freely with each other as to destroj^ the value 

 of infested trees for timber. This insect also causes large unsightly 

 wounds wherever its burrows come near the surface. Caterpillars 

 about to pupate frequentlj^ take refuge in these channeled wounds, 

 from which the pupse work themselves partlj^ out before the disclosure 

 of the imago. The eggs are probably deposited in any available 

 crevice, where they adhere to the bark rather firmty. - A piece of root 

 which had been bored by the willow curculio {CryptorhyncJius lapathi 

 Linn.) was lying in a breeding cage and a female Prionoxj^stus 

 embraced the opportunity to deposit six or seven eggs well within the 

 burrow. 



Apparently the females do not hesitate to oviposit before the 

 appearance of males. Some eggs which were found in the office 

 hatched, possibly without being fertilized, but it was impossible to 

 prove this latter point. Dissection of a well-distended female, which 

 probably had deposited no eggs, showed that she contained 269 well- 

 formed ova and i33 which were partly developed, making a total 

 of 402. 



The small Lecanium nigrofasciatum Perg. has proved a rather seri- 

 ous enemy to soft maples in Albany. This scale insect has been so 

 abundant on some small trees as to nearly cover the under surface of 

 the limbs, and so much honeydew was exuded that the walks beneath 

 were kept moist. The severe drain on the trees prevented much 

 growth and resulted in the killing of a number of the smaller limbs. 

 Badly infested twigs have a marked sour-semiputrid odor, due in all 

 probability to the decomposition of the honeydew. Young began to 

 appear in Albany about June 14, and by July 15 they were about 0.5 

 mm. long and were thickly set on the smaller twigs. 



Pseudococcus aceris Geoff. — This comparatively rare species was 

 observed in immense numbers on the bark of a hard maple at Albany, 

 N. Y., August 6. The male cocoons were present in thousands, and 

 in places formed large white masses on the trunk, giving a tree the 

 appearance of being affected bj^ a fungus. Some immature individu- 

 als were wandering over the masses of the male cocoons. The leaves 

 were also badly affected. The cottony remains of adults were abun- 

 dant, and here and there old females were still producing young, as a 

 number of very small individuals were observed, and partlj^ grown 

 ones were- assembled on the under surface of the leaf in long rows on 

 both sides of the principal veins. There is a marked subacid, not 



