18 BULLETIN NO. 4, DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY. 



clays dead larvae were found (June 7 to 11), but thereafter no further ef- 

 fects were observed. Afterward the mixture was applied on a larger 

 scale by Dr. Brakeley to the second brood, but with less success, be- 

 cause the amount of kerosene reaching the viues was insufficient to 

 penetrate through the numerous shields of leaves protecting the larva, 

 and so a large proportion escaped ; another attempt, using but 10 parts 

 of water to one of the emulsion, succeeded better and did not injure the 

 vines. Mr. Bullock, of Prospertown, tried the mixture, 1 part emulsion 

 to 10 of water, and says that it destroyed the larvae ; but while it did no 

 injury to the vines it seemed to check the growth of the berries 5 I am 

 informed that they eventually ripened but were undersized. No such 

 effects followed the use of a 1 to 15 mixture used under my direction, 

 but it was not so effective on the larvae. Afterward a p- all space was 

 treated with a 1 to 10 mixture where the larvae of the second brood were 

 nearly full grown, and the result was all that could be expected ; most 

 of the larva? were destroyed and the vines were not hurt; berries un- 

 fortunately had been .previously destroyed by the insects. The effect 

 of kerosene on the eggs was then tried ; pure kerosene was first directly 

 applied to a few, and the effect was to destroy the vitality of the egg 

 at once, it' becoming loosened at the edges and flattening toward the 

 center. The emulsion, diluted with 16 parts of water, w as then applied 

 to about two rods where eggs were numerous ; for a few days thereafter 

 eggs decreased in number, and no imagines were found on the spot 5 at 

 the end of four days, however, the spot was as much frequented as ever 

 by the moths, and eggs became more numerous ; I then waited until the 

 moths had nearly disappeared (August 20-23) and again applied kero- 

 sene to another spot of 1 or 5 rods, applying slightly more than a gallon 

 to a rod and making the mixture 1 to 10. As the moths had not all 

 disappeared and I was desirous of making my results exact, I marked 

 a number of sprays and counted the eggs, marking only sprays contain- 

 ing a number (4-14), and setting close to them a stick marked with the 

 number of eggs on the spray. The marked plants were treated pre- 

 cisely as was the balance of the patch, and the next day I examined the 

 result j in a few instances the total number of eggs on the spray had in- 

 creased, but fully 30 per cent, of the number marked on each spray had 

 lost vitality, flattening out and whitening at the edges; next day nearly 

 all had succumbed and the marked sprays were carried off to watch fur- 

 ther developments ; the leaves touched by the kerosene were easily 

 distinguished, and in each case every egg on every leaf which had been 

 touched by the kerosene first became depressed in the center, then 

 loosened and white around the edges, and finally dried up, leaving only 

 a small, glistening spot on the leaf; oh leaves which the emulsion had 

 not touched the eggs underwent no change whatever. Early in October 

 (5th to 7th) I again examined the space treated; the vines had all re- 

 covered from the damage done by the larva? and were promising well for 



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