^4 BULLETIN NO. 4, DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY. 



as does the Anchylopera. Toward the end of July the larva3 pupate, 

 either in their habitations or on a leaf close by — never on the ground. 

 The second brood of moths emerges in August (18th to 23d), and the 

 moths of this also are uniformly yellow ; one specimen only which I 

 found had the hind wings and body dusky, but this escaped through 

 the meshes of my net while I was examining it. These moths oviposit 

 in the early part of September and produce larvse about the 12th. The 

 chrysalis is formed late in September or the first of October, and the 

 moths emerge about the 9th or a little later. This brood of moths is 

 uniformly gray. I did not meet with a single exception, and thajb it is 

 the result of the eggs laid by the yellow form I am perfectly positive, 

 for not only were there no gray moths on the bog to produce them, but I 

 watched the yellow forms oviposit, obtained some eggs from females in 

 confinement, and sent them to Washington to be reared, and Professor 

 Riley informs me that gray individuals were obtained from them.* The 

 moths continued to emerge and were flying on the bog when the water 

 was put on. 



The egg of this species is precisely like that of the Anchylopera in form 

 and color, but is very slightly larger; it is laid on the under side of a 

 leaf, as in that species, and at about the same time, so that practically it 

 is impossible to distinguish the two ; the larva also much resembles that 



"In the "General Index and Supplement to the nine reports on the Insects of Missouri," 1881, in 

 speaking of Tortrix Cinderella Riley, we remarked as follows (pp. 82-83) : 



"From specimens reared from cranberry-feeding larva> received from Mr. John H. Brakeley, of Bor- 

 dentown. N. J., I am satisfied that this is the same species briefly characterize"by Pac kard in the first 

 edition of his Guide (p. 334) as Tortrix oxycoccana, and that T. malivorana LeBaron (my Rep. IV, p.' 47) is 

 but a dimorphic, orange form, subsequently described by Packard as T. vacciniivorana (Hayden's Re- 

 port of the U. S. Geol. and Geogr. Survey of the Territories, 1878, p. 522) . The orange and ash-gray spec- 

 imens are thus bred both from Apple and Cranberry. I have reared both forms from Cranberry and 

 from Apple, and they are undistinguishable in the larva and pupa states. The gray form is often more 

 or less suffused with orange scales and the orange form less frequently with gray scales. This is the 

 most remarkable case of dimorphism with which I am familial' in the family, and points strongly to 

 the important bearing of biological facts on a true classification . The dimorphic coloring is not sexual, 

 but occurs in both sexes. The eggs of this species are very flat, circular, and translucent, with a diam- 

 eter of 0.7 mm , and are laid singly on the under side of the leaf near the mid rib. The species belongs to 

 ^he genus Teras, and as Packard's specific name oxycoccana has priority, the insect should be known as 

 Teras oxycoccana, Pack. The insect, according to Mr. Brakeley, who gives an account of it in the 

 Report of the Seventh Annnal Convention of the New Jersey Cranberry Association (1879, p. 7), com- 

 monly affects, also, the high-bush whortleberry. The gray form of the moth is most frequent in au- 

 tumn." 



Prof. C H. Fernald, in his " Synonymical catalogue of the described Tortricidas of North America, 

 north of Mexico," 1882, as stated by Mr. Smith, still retains the four insects as distinct species, and 

 thus doubts the correctness of our conclusions. We therefore took pains to put the question to so full a 

 test as to leave no reason for doubt. Mr. Smith's experience in the field, as above shown, is confirmatory ; 

 but from material which he sent on to Washington, we not only actually bred the orange form from the 

 first brood of larvae received in May and produced from the hybernating slate-colored form, but also 

 the slate-colored form from larvae hatched from eggs laid by the orange form. Over two hundred spec- 

 imens, reared from larvae received in August, and produced by the second brood of orange moths are 

 all referable to the slate-colored form. In fact all the moths which issued after September 23 were of 

 *his form, though there was but a difference of five days between the issuing of the last yellow and the 

 first gray specimens, the latter continuing to issue through October. Many of the gray specimens, 

 especially those which first appear, are so suffused with orange or reddish scales as to appear somewhat 

 intermediate between the two extremes, but there are none which are not at once referable to the gray 

 form. It is in fact an interesting case of seasonal dimorphism, and how far it is influenced by tem- 

 perature, future experiment, which we hope to make, will determine.— C. Y. R. 



