THE HOP PLANT-LOUSE. 45 



small specimens, evidently not many hours old, and on every leaf I ob- 

 served the process of bringing forth living young. None of the winged 

 insects were so engaged. These were more active and less patient of 



observation, nor did I observe that any pupa.', or those forms with but 

 rudimentary wings brought forth young. 



p. m . — In Mr. Risley's yard lice less abundant than elsewhere. On 

 the whole, Mr. Hisley's yard and the yards in the immediate vicinity are 

 much less bothered with the lice than any other yards I have seen. 

 Nothing particular to note except the small number of winged speci- 

 mens aud the entire absence of pupae. 



September 8. — Rain; temperature warm ; lice are not active, and repro- 

 duction does not seem to be going on, but I spent only a short time 

 "between drops" in the yards. 



September 9. Sunday; rain all day; temperature high ; evening closed 

 in warm and muggy. 



September 10. — Went to Oriskany Falls, Sangerfield Center, and the 

 Hannover farm during the day. Lice in all yards more abundant than 

 ever. The vines are one mass of the beasts. Merely walking under 

 them I became covered. On the stems, leaf-stalks, and especially at 

 the joints, there were three, and even iour, layers of the insects, while 

 on the ground, globular masses, 4 to 6 inches in diameter, were every- 

 where seen where the vines had been pulled and hops picked ; every- 

 thing is covered with lice, and everywhere they show that same tend- 

 ency to bunch themselves. 



September 11. — At Cooperstown, called on Mr. J. F. Clark aud saw 

 his yard. Nothing noteworl hy in his yard. In the yards between Rich- 

 field Spa and Cooperstown picking is about over, aud here many have 

 finished picking and all are nearly done. Mr. Clark says that this 

 spring, when grubbing — about the middle of March — one of his men 

 turned up with the grubbing hook a mass of living lice ; the mass was 

 globular and as big as a ist. The man, whom I questioned closely, 

 says they were about 6 inches or more underground, near to, but not on, 

 the roots ; he called the attention of his fellow-workmen to them and 

 they broke up the mass to make certain they were really lice, and he 

 is positive that they were identical with the lice now in the yards. 

 Cannot say whether any of them were winged. Mr. Clark, also, lias 

 noticed the lice on the vines when they were still very low. 



September 12. — Spent part of day in Mr. Clark's yard and with him grub- 

 bing up hills where picking had been over for some time. Everj where 

 in the ground we found lice — rarely singly, but in small masses, from 

 three to ten, or more. In recently-picked spots they were numerous 

 and close to the surface; in older spots they were more scarce and 

 much deeper down : one mass of eight was found at least 10 inches 

 below ground. Afterward I examined the spaces upon which the vines 

 from which the hops had been picked were piled ; where the vines were 



