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crowns, and when disturbed run or flutter about with wings half spread. 
On the other hand, the moths of the twig-borer invariably take an 
elevated position in the breeding cage, and, with the fore part of the 
body slightly raised and the labial palpi held rigidly upright in front 
of the face, they present a very characteristic and alert appearance. 
When disturbed, they dart rapidly about, suddenly alighting again in 
the same characteristic attitude upon another portion of the cage. 
When ont of doors upon the trees, it must be nearly impossible to dis- 
tinguish them from buds. The moths began to appear in our breeding 
cage May 17, and continued to emerge until June 5, when all had 
apparently issued. On the other hand, moths from strawberry crowns 
have continued to emerge in our breeding jars until the present time 
(July 6), and an examination of infested plants out of doors shows a 
few full-grown larve and some pupe still in the burrows. 
The larva is brownish-black or dull, dirty black in color, with head, 
shield, anal segment, and true legs black, and is covered sparsely with 
light-colored hairs which arise from minute elevations. When full 
grown, the larvee are nearly one-half inch long. They then spin, wher- 
ever they may be feeding, a very loose, silken cocoon, in which they 
pupate. The first pupa was seen May 8, and as the first moths ap- 
peared May 17 the pupal stage lasts about ten days. 
The half-grown larvee pass the winter in minute burrows in the bark 
of infested trees. In spring, soon after the buds begin to open, some of 
the larvee leave their winter quarters and bore directly into the center 
of the buds ina such manner as to destroy the terminal ones. The shoot, 
therefore, fails to develop, although often the dead terminal leaves may 
be surrounded by a whorl of well-developed leaves. Later they attack 
the rapicy growing shoots, entering them either at the tip or in the 
axil of the leaf, and boring in the pith. As soon as the fruit begins to 
develop, it is also attacked, the larvee usually boring directiy to the 
pit, upon which they seem to prefer to feed. 
If Dr. Fernald’s determination is correct (and there can be no reason- 
able doubt of its accuracy, since he is without doubt the best American 
authority on the microlepidoptera), we are brought face to face with the 
peculiar phenomenon of a well-known insect—one which was described 
in Europe nearly sixty years ago, and which has been an important insect 
pest in this country for nearly forty years—being bred, in May, from 
twig-borers which are entirely different from those which are supposed 
to produce it; while on the other hand a very similar but evidently 
quite distinct insect is bred from apparently normal larve of A. line- 
atella, which winter in strawberry crowns, and the second brood of which 
occasionally attacks the twigs of peach and prune, and bark of prune 
treesin June. Either two species must be involved in this phenomenon 
or the larvie of A. lineatella must exhibit a double dimorphism due to 
different food plants and seasons. It appears to us very probable that 
hitherto two very similar but entirely distinct species have been united 
