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one and probably held them better, as they could not as readily fly out 

 after having entered. It was found that more insects were captured 

 when the net was pushed at a run that when walking. Probably even 

 then many insects succeeded in flying out of the forward net. 



Nets arranged in this manner, two or even three in succession, might 

 be made eight or ten feet long and run by boys, one at each end. The 

 forward net should be closed as soon as a stop is made, and the nets all 

 closed at the finish, when they may be left a day or two for the insects 

 to die. Usually there are enough predaceous species captured to kill 

 the others rapidly, and such -species could then be set free. Many 

 species of insects beside the Leaf- hoppers are caught by this device, and 

 some, such as the moths of Turf Web- worms, and Cut- worms, small Dip- 

 tera, Clover-seed Midges, etc., that are not as apt to be taken in the hop- 

 per dozer. 



Hopper Dozer. — This simple contrivance (a sheet-iron pan containing 

 kerosene and water or coal tar, to be dragged over the infested ground), 

 devised for the destruction of the Rocky Mountain Locust, possesses the 

 essential qualities for the destruction of the Leaf hoppers as well. I 

 believe that it can be used with profit in any pasture affected with these 

 pests. The delicate Leaf-hoppers are killed by the kerosene almost the 

 instant they touch it, and though my trials with it were made when the 

 weather was so cool that the hoppers did not leap with their usual ac- 

 tivity, they showed that it would operate successfully. It would be 

 best, probably, to use it for these during warm days, when the insects 

 are at their greatest activity, and early enough in the spring to catch 

 the hibernating adults before they deposit eggs, repeating the opera- 

 tion, if necessary, in July, and for meadows immediately after the re- 

 moval of the hay crop. Perhaps two pans, one behind the other, will 

 prove advantageous, 



The Shield Method. — A plan that is scarcely more than a modification 

 of the above has been recently highly recommended for the destruction 

 of the Leaf-hoppers infesting grapes. A quite similar plan was adopted 

 for the destruction of the Rocky Mountain Locust years ago and is 

 described in the first report of the United States Ent. Com.; and in his 

 first auuual report as State Entomologist of New York, Professor Liut- 

 ner suggests its use for " low-feeding insects" "especially hopping 

 species." I have not as yet tested it myself, but will give the plan, that 

 others may test it for these insects if disposed. A piece of drilling or,' 

 what would be cheaper still, a strip of building paper is fastened to a 

 light wooden frame and is coated with coal-tar or gas-tar, the residue 

 from distilling off kerosene from petroleum, or from gas manufacture. 

 In case of grape Leaf-hoppers this frame is held as near the vines as pos- 

 sible by one man, while another lifts the branches. The hoppers darting 

 against the shield are caught aud killed. For grass Leaf- hoppers the 

 frame would be set on runners and could be made 10 to 15 feet 

 long and run by a boy or man at each end. The best angle at which to 



