39 



Owing to the practice of nurserymen of obtaining their buds, cut- 

 tings, and grafts from many different sources and to the fact that 

 several recent cases of nursery infestation can be traced directly to 

 the use of infested buds, all growers should be urged to fumigate all 

 stock of this character before it is used in the nursery. 



Mr. Lochhead said that the question had been raised in Ontario as 

 to the relative merits of fumigating bud sticks or dipping them in 

 whale oil soap mixture, but as the law in that province required 

 fumigation he had not allowed the dipping method to be practiced as 

 a substitute. The standard formula was used in Ontario for fumi- 

 gating nursery stock and had proved very satisfactory, viz, 1 ounce 

 of potassium cyanide (98 per cent pure), 1 fluid ounce commercial 

 sulphuric acid, and 3 fluid ounces of water to each 100 cubic feet of 

 space, with an exposure of about forty-five minutes. 



Mr. Gillette mentioned the fact that the fumigation of all nursery 

 stock entering Colorado might be required in the future, and queried 

 as to the best formula to use. 



Mr. Burgess stated that the formula recommended by the Divi- 

 sion of Entomology, at Washington, and used in Canada, mentioned 

 Irv Mr. Lochhead, had been used in Ohio with good results. He fur- 

 ther stated that he had presented a paper concerning this matter at 

 the last annual meeting of the horticultural inspectors at Washing- 

 ton, D. C, in November, 1903, and that the matter of a uniform 

 formula had been discussed. The one decided upon for general use 

 differed slightly from the one already mentioned, the amount of sul- 

 phuric acid and of water being increased 1 ounce each for every 100 

 cubic feet of space. Unfortunately, the length of time for exposing 

 the stock was not mentioned, and later it was ascertained that the 

 practice of those who alread} T used this formula varied from an expo- 

 sure of thirty to sixty minutes. It would seem desirable to have a 

 definite length of time for exposure before adopting a uniform formula. 



Mr. Fletcher said that all nursery stock imported into Canada was 

 fumigated by government officials, and that the results had been very 

 satisfactory. No living scales had ever been found after the stock 

 had been fumigated, and no trees had been known to be injured by 

 this process. In case the trees were carelessly handled, or allowed to 

 remain with the roots exposed, they were sometimes damaged, but 

 this could not be charged to the fumigation. No bad results had 

 been reported where three times the normal strength of gas had been 

 used. The local nurseries in Canada are required to fumigate their 

 stock at the expense of the owner; the government pays the expense 

 of fumigating at the ports of entry. 



Mr. Martin queried as to the value of lye as an insecticide for treat- 

 in o- bud sticks. 



