KOTES FOR 1905 FROM NEW YORK. 89 



have it lie flat on the ground. In other words, cabbages are set below 

 the origin of the leaves. In some instances we found that tarred 

 papers had pinched the roots of young plants so as to apparently 

 check their growth. In the burrow of one maggot we captured a 

 cynipid parasite (Pseudeucoela gillettei Ashm.). To the best of our 

 knowledge this parasite has not hitherto been reported from Minne- 

 sota. A number of predaceous beetles which were observed to feed 

 upon the larvae and pupa? of this fly were also captured. In the 

 course of this experiment, and in spite of negative results obtained 

 with the same substance in the East, we used air-slaked lime on a field 

 contrining several thousand cabbages. We thought it ought at least 

 to act as a repellent to the fly and as an irritant on the surface of 

 the maggot, if it were kept dry by sufficiently frequent applications. 

 There was so much rain, however, that it required constant work to 

 remedy the results of the dominating wet weather. Nevertheless, 

 the cabbages made a fine showing, a much better showing, I believe, 

 than other fields not limed. In my opinion this was due, however, 

 to the fertilizing power of the lime, since cabbages are among the 

 comparatively few plants which respond energetically to lime. The 

 recent Holland cabbage, so far as I can make out, is never affected 

 by the cabbage maggot in Minnesota. 



NOTES FOR 1905 FROM NEW YORK. 



By E. P. Felt, Albany, N. Y. 



The season of 1905 in New York was notable because of two 

 unusual though fortunately limited outbreaks. Webworms (prob- 

 ably Crambus vulgivagellus Clem, and others) were exceptionally 

 destructive to grass lands in Albany, Columbia, and Rensselaer 

 counties in the latter part of May, and army worms (Heliophila 

 unipuncta Haw.) appeared in large numbers in some Erie County 

 localities. 



Among fruit pests the codling moth (Oarpocapsa pomonella L.) 

 was exceptionally abundant and, on account of the light apple crop, 

 inflicted considerable loss. The second brood appears to have caused 

 the greater part of the injury. The apple maggot {Rhagoletis 

 pomonella Walsh) is becoming destructive to fruit in New York State, 

 particularly to the early varieties. Its work is so prevalent at 

 Newark that sound early fruit was a rarity. Its depredations in the 

 large orchards of Mr. Hart, at Poughkeepsie, were confined very 

 largely to sheltered hollows. The rose beetle (Macrodactylus subspi- 

 nosus Fab.) was exceedingly abundant in various sections of the State, 

 depredations being reported from Staten Island, from the vicinity 

 of Rochester, and at Grahamsville, Sullivan County. The scurfy 

 scale (Chionaspis furfura Fitch) has been unusually prolific and 



