Nov. 
w—— Manners; for till the Science is underftood, the - 
/ 
Confequence directed to be managed in different | 
Name directs the Culture : 
Aloe, and fhallin others. | | 
VaIbLAnT has called it a Dimorphotheca; Borr- 
this we have fhewn in 
HAAVE, a Caltha, and Comme tine, a Bellis; | 
_ Linn us, who eftablifhed on juft Characters, 
the numerous Genera of the Syngenefious Clafs, 
calls this aCalendula; and Van Royen follows 
him: He.adds by way of Diftinétion of the Spe- 
cies, Foliis linearibus fubintegerrimis caule fubrotundo. 
Calendula, with narrow and almoft undivided 
Leaves; and with a Stalk nearly naked. 
The Defcription of the Plant will thew with 
| ea much Juftice he has ufed thefe nice Diftinc- 
tions. 
The Root is fibrous and motto 
The firft Leaves are produced in great Nim: 
ber, and form a thick Tuft with a pleafing Irre- 
gularity. They are long and narrow, fmalleft at 
the Bafe, broader at the Point, and of an elegant | 
Green; ufually they are undivided altogether at. 
the Edges, but fometimes they are waved, and 
fometimes a few of them have one or more In- 
dentings. 
Among thefe rife ia Foot-ftalks dial: fup- 
port the Flowers; they are round, upright, flen- 
der, and.a Foot in Height, and they are almott 
naked. : . 
Their Colour at the Bafe is Purple, they are- 
Green higher up, and towards the Top whitith. 
The few Leaves thefe Stalks have on them are 
towards the Bafe, for upwards they are altoge- 
ther naked: Thefe refemble thofe which rife 
immediately from the Root; but they are of 2 
fomewhat paler Colour. 
On the Summit of each Stalk ftands ‘one 
Flower;~ fo large, the Top generally bends 
with it. . This°is naturally elegant, and it be- 
comes yet more fo by Culture. | 
It confifts of a yellow Difk, furrounded by 
a Number of oblong and broad Petals thrown — 
wildly about it; and often turning their Backs — 
inward from a waved Manner of growing. : 
In the State of Nature thefe: Rays are of a 
~ Snow White'on the Infide, and ofa fine Crim- 
fon on the Back; but Culture will throw the 
Crimfon in Streaks over the Infide of the Petals, 
or ftain them throughout with a flefhy Purple. 
Sometimes alfo they will rife more numerous ; 
the natural Difk will be obliterated, and thus 
the Flower be double. 
We have before explained the Conftruction of 
the Flower in the Calendula, and referred it to its 
Clafs; and we fhall here only refrefh the Students 
Memory by a fhort Recapitulation. 
In the Difk are many fhort and tubular E low- 
ers, and on the Verge feveral long and flat ones ; 
in thofe of the Centre, which are the only per- 
fe& Flowers, there ftand five Filaments, whofe 
Buttons coalefce and form a Cylinder: : 
This fhews the Plant is one of the Syngenefia. 
ln the flat Flofcules on the Verge. are only the 
Female Parts, the Rudiment of the Fruit with 
its Style ; and thefe being impregnated, as well 
as the Rudiment in the se ge Series of the | 
3 
' Mats till they ‘are well-rooted. 
Difk itfelf by the Flofcules in she ay 
Subdivifion to which it belongs, is that of the 
Polygamia necellaria. The various Ways of Im- 
pregnation appear neceffary, becaufe the central 
Flowers never bring their Seeds to Perfection. 
The Plant laft defcribed here, Chrvfanthemum, is 
of the fame Clafs; and we have therefore, to 
prevent Repetition, referved the Mentioning it to 
this Place, where it will ftand illuftrated by the 
other. 
The Flofcules in that Flower, fe tubular in 
the central Part of the Difk, and flat atthe Rim: ; 
but there the central Flofcules ripen their own 
Seeds, as well as impregnate thofé of the Verge. 
The Buttons on the Filaments coalefce in the 
fame Manner as in the Calendula, therefore it is of 
the fame Clafs ;° but the ripening of the Seeds in 
| the flat F igwer’ of the Verge, which have no male 
Parts of their own, by Means of the Farina from 
the others, being not neceflary to the Propaga- 
tion'of the Plait that falls under another Sub- 
divifion, the Polyeamia Superflua, 
In both thefe, and in all others, the fingle 
Flowers muft be examined, for the Parts on which 
the Characters of the Clafs are founded ; for in 
the double ones, they are nearly dbliveratéd by 
the Profufion of Petals in the Place of their 
Growth. Bias 
Culture of this CALENDULA. 
The Plant is a Native of Bithiopia, and there 
lives in mellow and rich Soils ; therefore to give 
it the true Culture here, it fhould have a light 
fine Mould; and the Heat of the Stove : It 
will live with lets, but it will thrive much 
better in this. . 
“The Seeds are beft obtained a the Place of 
Growth, if there be Opportunity; but if not it 
will rife very well from fuch as are perce 
here. 
It is beft propagated this Way firft that the 
Plants with the handfomeft Flowers may be. fe- 
le&ted: But afterwards it will bear very well to 
be encreafed by Roots. 
~ Early i in Spring, let fome of thefe Seeds be fown 
in a common Hot-bed: When the Plants rife, 
let them be thinned to a due Diftance; and here 
let them ftand a Month, ‘duely watering them. 
At the End of that Time, prepare as man 
Pots as you chufe to preferve Plants. Fill thefe 
with fine Garden Mould, mixed freth for the 
Purpofe, with about one fourth Part Wood-pile 
Earth. - 2 
Set the Plants carefully in thefe Pots; and 
when you have fixed the Earth about their Roots, 
and drawn it regularly to the Heads, fer them 
_ up to the Rim ina Bark-bed. — 
Water them with Water that has ftood in the 
Stove a Day and-Night, and fhade them with 
them by Degrees to the Air; and in the hotteft 
 Seafon fet them. out sh the Green- houfe 
Plants. | 
At the Approach a Winter remove them into 
the Stove, and they will begin to flower foon 
after 5 
The 
y 
Then harden. 
oo 
