at ee A COMPLE A TBO: Y 
Sept. free in fuch a Place, and that is of great Benefit | ther, and the Damps which are detained by the Sepr, 
thick Shade, taint and {poil the Air. | sop 
~~ to the Fruit; and the Wet runs off, 
oe If the Defcent be too great, the Mould will | 
be wafhed away by hard Rains; and if the 
Ground be perfectly level, the Wet will lodge, 
and the Vapours from it will foul and {poil the 
Air: both thefe Accidents are to be avoided; and 
fuch a Choice as we have directed, will, in a 
"manner infure the Succefs of the Plantation. 
The Ground being thus chofen, the Difpofi- 
tion of the Trees is the next Thing to be con- 
fidered ; and in this we mutt guard our Pupil 
againft two Errors almoft univerfal among. the 
common Defigners of thefe kind of Plantations; 
_ thefe are the planting too many Trees on the 
Ground, and the fuffering it to remain covered 
with the Turf. : | | 
There cannot be a more gloomy Profpect 
than one ef the old Exgljfh Orchards: Trees fo 
clofe that their Tops meet, and a green Sward 
beneath, of no Ufe becaufe fpoiled by the perfect 
Shade; and yet ferving to rob the Trees of that 
Lines drawn for the Plantation, This is of all 
others the moft important Article. | 
We fee the Trees in old Orchards planted at 
fifteen Foot afunder, as if thofe who made the 
Plantation forgot they would ever be larger; and 
confequently their Branches meet, and the Air js 
pent up among them: the Trees ftarve one‘ano- 
vi. 
On the contrary, we find modern Inftru&tors 
advifing the Plantation in Rows a hundred Foot 
afunder, and that the Trees {tand fixty Feet one 
frem another in the Rows. | 
The Intent of this is to taife Corn upon the 
Land as if no Trees were there: but we have on 
all Occaffons inculcated that practical Lefton, that 
only one Thing fhould be attempted in one Place ; 
and that the fame Piece of Ground wil! yield more 
Advantage to the Owner by oné Crop than by 
two; becaufe the two will fpoil one another, and 
the fingle Crop having all «fair Advantages, will 
be more than worth both; and this not only in 
Excellence, but abfolute Price and Quantity. 
Therefore wheni the Plantation of an Orchard 
is to be made, let the Trees be allowed {0 much « 
Diftance from one another, as that their Roots 
may have room, and their Branches at full Growth 
a free Scope and fair Diftance ; but let no more 
Compafs be allowed, nor any Thought entertain- — 
great Article to. fuit them to one another. Of 
this we have fpoken in the preceding Parts of 
this Work, and fhall under the following Heads 
concerning the feveral Kinds. 
~Let them be obtained from fome Perfon of 
Integrity, and planted with more Care than the 
general rude Manner of working allows. 
The 
Influence of the Air, Rains, Dews, and Sun, fo ed of Crops between. ee a 2 
- effential to good Vegetation. - Let the Rows be marked by Lines at forty 4 
It is very well known that the Fruit is Gneft | Foot Diftance, and the Places for the Reception 4 
where the Trees ftand free, and clear of one | Of the ‘I'rees opened at the Diftance of five and : q 
another; and it is not lefs true that it will be } thirty Foot. Sap i 4 
alfo more in Quantity, if the Gardener thinks | From the Time that the Trees are planted, let 3 
proper to leave all on which Nature affords: fo | no Thought be entertained of raifing any other " 
much as the Tree can ripen, will always be much Crop upon the Ground ; but let it be kept in 4 : 
better ; and a {mall Spot will even. in this Way | State of good Tillage, and continual fallow from q 
fupply a large Family. | | that Time. © : . 
The Blaits.of Spring which are fo mifchievous By this Means the young Trees will make an a 
to Fruit Trees, are principally thofe of the North,.| Advance not known in other Plantations. Their q 
or of fome near Quarter, therefore Care fhould | Roots will be invited to expand-ever y Way by 4 
always be taken to fhelter the Orchard from | 2 free, open, and loofe Soil; and as it will have q 
them. tae te been meliorated by Culture, and unexhaufted by 4 
_ Ifthe Spot can be fo chofen, a rifing Ground | 4°Y other Growth, Sad will be extreamly rich, q 
defended. from thofe Winds, is beft of alls | 2nd svery # ibre will be fupplied with abundant s 
the next Defence to this is that of Buildings:. Nourifhment. eg ea feces FJ 4 
if both thefe are wanting, their Place muft be Let = fuppofe they ¢an lofe Ground by q 
fupplied by a good Plantation of Trees, Elms, this kind of Plantation. The Fruit will always q 
or of fuch other Kinds as fuit the Soil and Situa- | De fine, becaufe there is every Way a fice Paflage : 
an : Bry i the Air; the Bloffoms will be preferved be- q 
| Phe: rant be planted at fome confiderable caufe the Place is fheltered ; and there will be no q 
Diftance, though exactly againft that Quarter ; Blights, becaufe all the ‘Trees have full Nourifh- q 
for if too near, they would choak thee Trees, | Ments no Mildews, or other Accidents of that q 
and rob them of a great deal of their proper Kind, becaufe no Air ftagnates in the Planta- ‘ 
Nourifhment. ) tion. This is the Doctrine of Reafon, and this 4 
This Defence being fecured, and the Quantity Experience confirms, : 
of Ground fettled, let it be dug up in ‘the fame The Form, Conftruction, and Difpofition of, q 
Manner as that for the Seminary, and all Roots | 4n Orchard being thus underftood, the Choice : 
of perennial Weeds taken up with the fame | of the Trees comes next under Confideration ; , 
Care. | a and the Manner of planting them. : 
When this has been done three Weeks or a The Kinds of Fruit are wholly at the Pleafure 
Month, it will be a very good Seafon for plant- | of the Planter, but as there are particular Soils. 4 
ing. The Surface muft then be levelled, and | which fuit. particular Trees, it will be a very | q 
