Tree Distribution Under the Kinkaid Act oy 
aged, at the end of 18 years’ growth, 3.9 inches in diameter at breast 
height and 22 feet in height. The maximum growth attained was 
6.7 inches in diameter and 29 feet in height. Austrian pine is a 
slower growing species, but is very hardy and is practically immune 
to the attack of the pine tip moth. Scotch pine is not quite so re- 
sistant to the moth as Austrian. Both species will do well on sandy 
soil as well as on the heavier loam souls. 
EASTERN RED CEDAR 
Eastern red cedar occurs naturally in the river valleys and along 
the adjacent bluffs in central and western Nebraska. It is somewhat 
difficult to start from seed and does not transplant so readily as the 
other conifers. It makes a rapid growth. A windbreak in Holt 
County, planted in 1911 on a sandy flat, averaged 25 to 30 feet in 
height and 5.8 inches in diameter at the close of 14 years’ growth. 
This species should not be planted close to orchards, because of the 
presence of the “ cedar apple” fungus, which damages apple trees. 
HARDWOODS 
Hardwoods should be planted in heavier and moister soils than 
conifers, preferably in tilled bottoms. They should be cultivated 
until the trees have grown too large to work between the rows. Cot- 
tonwood makes a very good growth in this region, but it is short- 
lived and is subject to attacks of borers and to canker. 
American elm, honey locust, and hackberry are well adapted to 
planting in this region because of their ability to grow on dry soils 
and to resist severe frosts without injury, but cultivation is neces- 
sary until the trees are well established. Russian olive adapts itself 
to arid soils. Green ash will grow on the moister situations, but its 
_ growth is slow and it is subject to attacks of insects. 
Chinese elm is a very rapid growing and hardy tree wherever it 
has been planted in western Nebraska. Black walnut can also be 
successfully grown in well-protected valleys where the water level 
ix not too far below the surface. 
SHIPMENT AND CARE OF TREES 
Trees may be shipped from the nursery by parcel post, provided 
stamps are sent to the forest supervisor, United States Forest Serv- 
ice, Halsey, Nebr., before February 1 of each year. Planters will 
be notified at least one month before this date of the amount of 
postage required. Unless mail shipment is requested the trees will 
be sent by express, charges collect. 
The trees will be shipped in bundles that will allow free circula- 
tion of air to the tops. The roots will be packed in damp moss to 
prevent drying out. Young trees, especially pines, are very tender 
and. susceptible to injury. If the roots are exposed to the air, even 
for only a few minutes, they are likely to be injured, or killed en- 
tirely. If special care is exercised in handling the stock, a more 
successful plantation will result. Trees should not be left around 
the depot or post office longer than is absolutely necessary. It is 
best to plant the trees immediately after receiving them. If this can 
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