10 Miscellaneous Circular 16, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture 
A fence should be constructed to keep out cattle, horses, and other 
stock. This is a most important point, since stock are likely to 
trample or eat the young treés. Most plantations can not be grazed 
for several years after planting. 
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Fic. 9.—First steps in planting. Plant hardwoods on prepared ground and cultivate 
until trees have grown together so as to shade out the grass 
Open a slit in the furrow 
with a spade. 
Insert the tre eq 
and hold with the 
hand while the foot Ty 
resses the soll yy ay 
about the roots. ANE 
Close the eres 
hole by a thrust of a 
the heel. 
Fic. 10.—Successive steps in planting 
Gophers probably destroy more trees than any other agent in west- 
ern Nebraska. The young trees are often covered by “the mounds 
thrown out by the gophers. The rodents also gnaw off the roots of 
trees that are up to 6 feet or more in height. When fresh gopher 
mounds are discovered among the trees, it is necessary to take action 
at once with traps or poison. Several good gopher traps are on the 
