NARRATIVE OF PROGRESS OF WORK. 55 
and the brown-tail moth in so far as their natural checks are con- 
cerned. It was the aim to establish, not one or half a dozen of its 
natural enemies, but all of them, aiming at the same time to avoid 
the introduction of hyperparasites—that is, those species that prey 
upon the true parasites of the injurious forms—thus, if possible, bring- 
ing about an even more favorable situation for the primary parasites 
in New England than exists in Europe. 
On account of the enormous numbers in which both gipsy and 
brown-tail moths existed in Massachusetts, it was considered that 
the simplest way to secure the true European parasites was to 
collect caterpillars and chrysalids wherever they could be found 
in Europe, box them, and ship them directly to Boston; this always 
with the certainty that a certain percentage, high or low, would 
contain living parasites which would probably issue in the adult 
condition on the journey or after arrival in America, in which event 
they could be cared for, reared until sufficiently multiplied, and then 
liberated. 
A temporary laboratory for the receipt and care of specimens 
was immediately established by Mr. Kirkland at Malden, Mass., 
and a careful search was begun for a suitable location for a perma- 
nent laboratory for the care of parasites. It was considered desirable 
that this laboratory should be placed in a region in which both the 
gipsy moth and the brown-tail moth occurred in abundance, so 
that there might be plenty of material for food for the parasites 
at all times; and it was also considered of importance that a con- 
siderable area of land should be secured which could be controlled 
for outdoor experiments. Mr. Kirkland finally found a small farm 
with buildings in North Saugus, the location easily accessible by 
electric cars and sufficiently isolated. (See Pl. II, fig. 1.) The 
house was large enough to give ample room for laboratory use, 
and at the same time furnished dwelling rooms for the state official 
in charge. In the immediate vicinity there was a chain of large 
woodland colonies of the gipsy moth and numerous orchards infested 
by the brown-tail moth, as well as a large area of scrub-oak land 
where the brown-tail moth occurred very abundantly. A portion 
of the building occupied as a laboratory was fitted up by the State 
with shelves, tables, rearing cages, and all necessary apparatus 
and supplies, and the State employed Mr. F. H. Mosher, with Mr. 
EK. A. Back and Mr. O. L. Clark as assistants, to help care for the 
parasites. 
While, as just stated and for the reasons given, the main effort 
was made with Europe, correspondence was begun with the Imperial 
Agricultural Experiment Station at Nishigahara, Tokyo, Japan, 
and the Imperial Agricultural College at Sapporo, in order to secure, 
if possible, the services of expert Japanese entomologists in sending 
